1979 Publications |
1 | 1979 | Kenya Click to View Abstract
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2 | 1979 | Clark, G.P.M., Kahuho, S.K. And Ayim, E.N.: Click to View Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence and pattern of eye diseases and visual
impairment in the Nairobi Comprehensive Eye Care Services (NCES) Project; the
catchment area of the Mbagathi District Eye Unit of Nairobi.
Design: Community based survey conducted from October 15th to 31st 2007
Setting: Kibera and Dagoreti divisions of Nairobi City
Subjects: 4200 people of all ages were randomly selected; 4056 were examined
(96.6% response rate). 122 (2.9%) were not available and 15 (0.4%) declined
to be examined.
Results: Females: 54.2%, Males: 45.8%. Mean age; 22.4 years, SD; 16.5. Only
241(5.9%) aged >50years old. The leading eye disorders in Kibera and Dagoretti
divisions are conjunctival disorders including allergic conjunctivitis and conjunctival
growths. This was found to affect 7.6% of the subjects. This was followed by
refractive errors found in 5.3% of the subjects. Cataract was found in 30 subjects
(0.7%). Disorders of the retina and the optic nerve were found in 1.1% of the
subjects and corneal disorders in 0.5%. The prevalence of visual impairment was
0.6%, severe visual impairment was 0.05% and blindness was 0.1%. This indicates
that most of the ocular disorders encountered were not visually threatening. The
main cause of visual impairment is refractive errors and the causes of severe visual
impairment and blindness are cataract, corneal opacity and glaucoma.
Conclusion: The population of the NCES is relatively young and the prevalence of
blindness and visual impairment is low. The main cause of visual impairment was
refractive errors and the causes of severe visual impairment and blindness were
cataract, corneal opacity and glaucoma.
Recommendations: The level of blindness in NCES is low and the project should
focus more on rendering eye care and not treatment of blindness. There is need to
address the issue of refractive errors as this was one of the main ocular problems
encountered. In this survey, it was not possible to perform detailed refraction and
hence it was recommend that a refractive error survey be conducted; especially
in school going children. |
3 | 1979 | Clark GP, Kahuho SK, Ayim EN.Brain Death. Some Medical, Ethical, Legal, Socio-economic And Diagnostic Considerations: A Review.East Afr Med J. 1979 Aug;56(8):362-7. Click to View Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence and pattern of eye diseases and visual
impairment in the Nairobi Comprehensive Eye Care Services (NCES) Project; the
catchment area of the Mbagathi District Eye Unit of Nairobi.
Design: Community based survey conducted from October 15th to 31st 2007
Setting: Kibera and Dagoreti divisions of Nairobi City
Subjects: 4200 people of all ages were randomly selected; 4056 were examined
(96.6% response rate). 122 (2.9%) were not available and 15 (0.4%) declined
to be examined.
Results: Females: 54.2%, Males: 45.8%. Mean age; 22.4 years, SD; 16.5. Only
241(5.9%) aged >50years old. The leading eye disorders in Kibera and Dagoretti
divisions are conjunctival disorders including allergic conjunctivitis and conjunctival
growths. This was found to affect 7.6% of the subjects. This was followed by
refractive errors found in 5.3% of the subjects. Cataract was found in 30 subjects
(0.7%). Disorders of the retina and the optic nerve were found in 1.1% of the
subjects and corneal disorders in 0.5%. The prevalence of visual impairment was
0.6%, severe visual impairment was 0.05% and blindness was 0.1%. This indicates
that most of the ocular disorders encountered were not visually threatening. The
main cause of visual impairment is refractive errors and the causes of severe visual
impairment and blindness are cataract, corneal opacity and glaucoma.
Conclusion: The population of the NCES is relatively young and the prevalence of
blindness and visual impairment is low. The main cause of visual impairment was
refractive errors and the causes of severe visual impairment and blindness were
cataract, corneal opacity and glaucoma.
Recommendations: The level of blindness in NCES is low and the project should
focus more on rendering eye care and not treatment of blindness. There is need to
address the issue of refractive errors as this was one of the main ocular problems
encountered. In this survey, it was not possible to perform detailed refraction and
hence it was recommend that a refractive error survey be conducted; especially
in school going children. |
4 | 1979 | Economy After Boom. Click to View Abstract
JASPA Working Paper, ILO, Addis Ababa |
5 | 1979 | Geochemistry Of The Carbonatite Complexes In East Africa In L.H. Arhens, Origin And Distribution Of Elements. Click to View Abstract
n/a |
6 | 1979 | Geology, Hydrology And Sedimentation: In Odingo, R.S.(Editor) An African Dam. Click to View Abstract
n/a |
7 | 1979 | Mineral Resources Of The Lake Victoria Basin - Proceedings Of I.D.S. Click to View Abstract
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8 | 1979 | Some Factors Affecting Urban-rural Fertility Differentials In Kenya: A Case Study Of Nairobi And Central Province. Click to View Abstract
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Macrophytes have been shown to perform important ecological roles in Lake Naivasha. Consequently, various studies regarding the impact of biotic factors on the macrophytes have been advanced but related studies on environmental parameters have lagged behind. In an attempt to address this gap, sampling on floating species and submergents was carried out in eight sampling sites in 2003 to investigate how they were influenced by a set of environmental factors. Soil texture (sandy sediments; P < 0.05, regression coefficient = - 0.749) and wind were the most important environmental parameters influencing the distribution and abundance of floating macrophytes. Combination of soil texture and lake-bed slope explained the most (86.3%) variation encountered in the submergents. Continuous translocation of the floating dominant water hyacinth to the western parts by wind has led to displacement of the submergents from those areas. In view of these findings, the maintenance and preservation of the steep Crescent Lake basin whose substratum is dominated by sand thus hosting most submergents remain important, if the whole functional purpose of the macrophytes is to be sustained. |
9 | 1979 | Ngoka, WAMOLA I.A And Dunlop. The Role Of Neisseria Gonorrhoea In Causing Infertility. Paper Read And Published By Society Of Obs And Gynae. Nairobi, (1979) Click to View Abstract
A study that devised a modified method of reporting antibiotic sensitivity results was undertaken. Enterobacteriaceae and Gram positive cocci were tested for drug sensitivity by a disc diffusion method. Zones of bacterial growth inhibition were measured, dividing the isolates into four groups: the highly sensitive, the moderately sensitive, the slightly sensitive and the resistant ones. The slightly sensitive isolates were taken as indicators of antibiotic resistance acquisition. By that system, when more than 50% of the isolates fell into the slightly and resistant groups, that meant that the antibiotic concerned would be discontinued for some time until the bacteria reverted to being moderately sensitive. The study also provided a method of making antibiotic discs from local blotting papers, and a sample of a form on which antibiotic sensitivity results could be recorded was presented. The method is considered to be easy and very appropriate for developing countries in detecting gradual and abrupt acquisition of antibiotic resistance by bacteria. |
10 | 1979 | Slack RCB And WAMOLA I.A. Amoxil Single Dose In Treatment Of Male Uncomplicated Gonorrhoea. Brit. J. Of Venerology (1979) Click to View Abstract
A study that devised a modified method of reporting antibiotic sensitivity results was undertaken. Enterobacteriaceae and Gram positive cocci were tested for drug sensitivity by a disc diffusion method. Zones of bacterial growth inhibition were measured, dividing the isolates into four groups: the highly sensitive, the moderately sensitive, the slightly sensitive and the resistant ones. The slightly sensitive isolates were taken as indicators of antibiotic resistance acquisition. By that system, when more than 50% of the isolates fell into the slightly and resistant groups, that meant that the antibiotic concerned would be discontinued for some time until the bacteria reverted to being moderately sensitive. The study also provided a method of making antibiotic discs from local blotting papers, and a sample of a form on which antibiotic sensitivity results could be recorded was presented. The method is considered to be easy and very appropriate for developing countries in detecting gradual and abrupt acquisition of antibiotic resistance by bacteria. |
11 | 1979 | Mutanda, Kaviti And WAMOLA I.A. Patterns Of Shigella Species And Serotypes In East Africa. EAMJ 56: 381, 1979. Click to View Abstract
A study that devised a modified method of reporting antibiotic sensitivity results was undertaken. Enterobacteriaceae and Gram positive cocci were tested for drug sensitivity by a disc diffusion method. Zones of bacterial growth inhibition were measured, dividing the isolates into four groups: the highly sensitive, the moderately sensitive, the slightly sensitive and the resistant ones. The slightly sensitive isolates were taken as indicators of antibiotic resistance acquisition. By that system, when more than 50% of the isolates fell into the slightly and resistant groups, that meant that the antibiotic concerned would be discontinued for some time until the bacteria reverted to being moderately sensitive. The study also provided a method of making antibiotic discs from local blotting papers, and a sample of a form on which antibiotic sensitivity results could be recorded was presented. The method is considered to be easy and very appropriate for developing countries in detecting gradual and abrupt acquisition of antibiotic resistance by bacteria. |
12 | 1979 | Kasili, WAMOLA I.A, Pamba, Shiramba And Broakman. Various Pathological Manifestations Of Leprosy Click to View Abstract
A study that devised a modified method of reporting antibiotic sensitivity results was undertaken. Enterobacteriaceae and Gram positive cocci were tested for drug sensitivity by a disc diffusion method. Zones of bacterial growth inhibition were measured, dividing the isolates into four groups: the highly sensitive, the moderately sensitive, the slightly sensitive and the resistant ones. The slightly sensitive isolates were taken as indicators of antibiotic resistance acquisition. By that system, when more than 50% of the isolates fell into the slightly and resistant groups, that meant that the antibiotic concerned would be discontinued for some time until the bacteria reverted to being moderately sensitive. The study also provided a method of making antibiotic discs from local blotting papers, and a sample of a form on which antibiotic sensitivity results could be recorded was presented. The method is considered to be easy and very appropriate for developing countries in detecting gradual and abrupt acquisition of antibiotic resistance by bacteria. |
13 | 1979 | Science And Technology For Development Click to View Abstract
n/a |
14 | 1979 | Science And Technology And The Future Click to View Abstract
n/a |
15 | 1979 | Kagiko, M.M. (1979). Hydatidosis: Its Prevalence In Two Small Municipal Abattoirs. The Kenya Veterinarian 3:46 Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
16 | 1979 | Gathuma, J.M; Kagiko, M.M. And Nyaga, P.N. (1979). Bacteriological Quality Of Water In Kajiado District Of Kenya. E.Afr. J. Med. Res. 5 (1) Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
17 | 1979 | Gathuma, J. M., Sollod, A. E. And Waiyaki, P. G. (1978). Evaluation Of The Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test In The Diagnosis Of Cysticercus Bovis Infection In Cattle. The Kenya Veterinarian 2 (1), 7 Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
18 | 1979 | Gathuma, J. M., Kagiko, M. M. And Nyaga, P. N. Bacteriological Water Quality In Kajiado District, Kenya. E.J. Med. Res. Vol. 5 No. 1 (1979) Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
19 | 1979 | Nyaga, P.N. And Gathuma, J.M. (1979). Some Observations On Taenia Saginata Cysticercosis In Kenya Slaughter Cattle. Bull. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr. 27 (1), 51 Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
20 | 1979 | Gathuma, J.M. (1979). A Seroepidemiological Study Of Bovine Cysticercosis In Kenya. The Kenya Veterinarian, 3 (2), 33 Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
21 | 1979 | Fossum, K. And Gathuma, J.M. (1979). Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
22 | 1979 | Fossum, K. And Gathuma, J.M. (1979). Escherichia Coli And Colienteritis: A Review. The Kenya Veterinarian 3 (2), 42 Click to View Abstract
Experimentally, two hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) antigens (antigens 4 and 5) were found to be the most immunogenic antigens in HCF. The two antigens were precipitated together from HCF. This was done by adding 2M phosphotungstic acid and 2M magnesium chloride pollutions to clarified HCF whilte continuously stirring the mixture. The precipitate formed was suspend in physiological saline (PS). This antigens solutions was used to coat microtitre plates fro indirect ELISA. Indirect ELISA was performed on 180 randomly selected bovine sera.
The sensitivity of the test was found to be 98% while the specificity was 70%. The predictive value was 89%. Although the specificity of the test was relatively low, the test using these partially purified antigens was found to be useful because of its high sensitivity. |
23 | 1979 | E.S. Kilelu Et Al 1979. Isolation Of E. Coli From Piglets With Porcine Oedema. Journal Of Bacteriology. Vol.97 No.39, P93 Click to View Abstract
Psychiatric morbidity among 200 medical in-patients at Kenyatta National Hospital was determined by a two-stage screening procedure, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and standardized psychiatric interview (SPI). 44 (22%) of the total sample of 200 patients who were interviewed met the pre-established criteria for psychiatric morbidity; of these 59% comprised affective disorders. 4 (9%) of the psychiatric morbidity cases were referred for psychiatric evaluation. Referral seemed to be related to severity of illness and a previous history of psychiatric illness. There was no evidence in the notes that the psychiatric problems had been detected, treated or dealt with in any other way by the medical team in 34 patients out of 44 with psychiatric morbidity. Increase in the mental health input in the training of all health workers with emphasis on recognition and management of some of the commoner psychological problems is recommended. |
24 | 1979 | E.S. Kilelu Et Al. 1979 Electron Microscopic Appearance Of IBR Isolate From Bovine Lung Samples. Kenya Veterinarian Journal Vol.98 No. 99 P36 Click to View Abstract
Psychiatric morbidity among 200 medical in-patients at Kenyatta National Hospital was determined by a two-stage screening procedure, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and standardized psychiatric interview (SPI). 44 (22%) of the total sample of 200 patients who were interviewed met the pre-established criteria for psychiatric morbidity; of these 59% comprised affective disorders. 4 (9%) of the psychiatric morbidity cases were referred for psychiatric evaluation. Referral seemed to be related to severity of illness and a previous history of psychiatric illness. There was no evidence in the notes that the psychiatric problems had been detected, treated or dealt with in any other way by the medical team in 34 patients out of 44 with psychiatric morbidity. Increase in the mental health input in the training of all health workers with emphasis on recognition and management of some of the commoner psychological problems is recommended. |
25 | 1979 | E.S. Kilelu Et Al. 1979. Electron Microscopy Of A Porcine Oedema Virus Which Looks Like Porcine Parvo Virus. Kenya Veterinarian Journal. Vol.93. No.99 P7 Click to View Abstract
Psychiatric morbidity among 200 medical in-patients at Kenyatta National Hospital was determined by a two-stage screening procedure, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and standardized psychiatric interview (SPI). 44 (22%) of the total sample of 200 patients who were interviewed met the pre-established criteria for psychiatric morbidity; of these 59% comprised affective disorders. 4 (9%) of the psychiatric morbidity cases were referred for psychiatric evaluation. Referral seemed to be related to severity of illness and a previous history of psychiatric illness. There was no evidence in the notes that the psychiatric problems had been detected, treated or dealt with in any other way by the medical team in 34 patients out of 44 with psychiatric morbidity. Increase in the mental health input in the training of all health workers with emphasis on recognition and management of some of the commoner psychological problems is recommended. |
26 | 1979 | E.S.Kilelu Et Al (1979) Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Trial Using Haemagglutination And Haemagglutination Inhibition Test. Journal Of British Veterinary Medicine Vol.93 No.7 P199 Click to View Abstract
Psychiatric morbidity among 200 medical in-patients at Kenyatta National Hospital was determined by a two-stage screening procedure, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and standardized psychiatric interview (SPI). 44 (22%) of the total sample of 200 patients who were interviewed met the pre-established criteria for psychiatric morbidity; of these 59% comprised affective disorders. 4 (9%) of the psychiatric morbidity cases were referred for psychiatric evaluation. Referral seemed to be related to severity of illness and a previous history of psychiatric illness. There was no evidence in the notes that the psychiatric problems had been detected, treated or dealt with in any other way by the medical team in 34 patients out of 44 with psychiatric morbidity. Increase in the mental health input in the training of all health workers with emphasis on recognition and management of some of the commoner psychological problems is recommended. |
27 | 1979 | E.S.kilelu Et Al (1979) Antibody Responses To New Click to View Abstract
Psychiatric morbidity among 200 medical in-patients at Kenyatta National Hospital was determined by a two-stage screening procedure, using the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and standardized psychiatric interview (SPI). 44 (22%) of the total sample of 200 patients who were interviewed met the pre-established criteria for psychiatric morbidity; of these 59% comprised affective disorders. 4 (9%) of the psychiatric morbidity cases were referred for psychiatric evaluation. Referral seemed to be related to severity of illness and a previous history of psychiatric illness. There was no evidence in the notes that the psychiatric problems had been detected, treated or dealt with in any other way by the medical team in 34 patients out of 44 with psychiatric morbidity. Increase in the mental health input in the training of all health workers with emphasis on recognition and management of some of the commoner psychological problems is recommended. |
28 | 1979 | Mukunya, D.M. And S.O. Keya, 1979. Effects Of Seeds Borne Innoculum On Disease Development And Yields Of Canadian Wonder Bean Variety In Kenya. Click to View Abstract
The gene Q13L coding for the Capripoxvirus group specific structural protein P32 was expressed in Escherichia coli using plasmid pGEX-2T as a fusion protein with glutathione-s-transferase and purified on glutathione sepharose affinity chromatography column. The protein was then employed for diagnosis of sheeppox, goatpox and lumpyskin disease, by a latex agglutination test (LAT) using the purified P32 antigen and guinea pig detector antiserum raised against the P32 antigen. The LAT and virus neutralization test (VNT) were used to screen one hundred livestock field sera for antibodies to Capripoxvirus, in comparison the LAT was simpler, rapid and 23% more sensitive than the VNT. In addition the LAT was found to be specific for Carpripoxvirus because it did not pick antibodies to Orthopoxvirus and Parapoxvirus. The LA test can be taken for a simple and quick diagnostic tool for primary screening of Carpripoxvirus infection and will reduce the reliance of diagnostic laboratories on
tissue culture facilities.
Keywords: Carpripox, latex agglutination test, attachment gene
J. Trop. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Vol. 3 (2) 2007: pp. 36-43 |
29 | 1979 | Keya S.O. And D.M. Mukunya, 1979. The Influence Of Phosphorus And Molybdenum Application On Modulation Of Canadian Wonder Bean Variety. Click to View Abstract
The gene Q13L coding for the Capripoxvirus group specific structural protein P32 was expressed in Escherichia coli using plasmid pGEX-2T as a fusion protein with glutathione-s-transferase and purified on glutathione sepharose affinity chromatography column. The protein was then employed for diagnosis of sheeppox, goatpox and lumpyskin disease, by a latex agglutination test (LAT) using the purified P32 antigen and guinea pig detector antiserum raised against the P32 antigen. The LAT and virus neutralization test (VNT) were used to screen one hundred livestock field sera for antibodies to Capripoxvirus, in comparison the LAT was simpler, rapid and 23% more sensitive than the VNT. In addition the LAT was found to be specific for Carpripoxvirus because it did not pick antibodies to Orthopoxvirus and Parapoxvirus. The LA test can be taken for a simple and quick diagnostic tool for primary screening of Carpripoxvirus infection and will reduce the reliance of diagnostic laboratories on
tissue culture facilities.
Keywords: Carpripox, latex agglutination test, attachment gene
J. Trop. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Vol. 3 (2) 2007: pp. 36-43 |
30 | 1979 | Mutitu, E.W. And D.M. Mukunya, 1979. Epidemiology And Control Of Bean Scab Caused By Elsinoe Phaseolus Jenkins In Kenya. Click to View Abstract
The gene Q13L coding for the Capripoxvirus group specific structural protein P32 was expressed in Escherichia coli using plasmid pGEX-2T as a fusion protein with glutathione-s-transferase and purified on glutathione sepharose affinity chromatography column. The protein was then employed for diagnosis of sheeppox, goatpox and lumpyskin disease, by a latex agglutination test (LAT) using the purified P32 antigen and guinea pig detector antiserum raised against the P32 antigen. The LAT and virus neutralization test (VNT) were used to screen one hundred livestock field sera for antibodies to Capripoxvirus, in comparison the LAT was simpler, rapid and 23% more sensitive than the VNT. In addition the LAT was found to be specific for Carpripoxvirus because it did not pick antibodies to Orthopoxvirus and Parapoxvirus. The LA test can be taken for a simple and quick diagnostic tool for primary screening of Carpripoxvirus infection and will reduce the reliance of diagnostic laboratories on
tissue culture facilities.
Keywords: Carpripox, latex agglutination test, attachment gene
J. Trop. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Vol. 3 (2) 2007: pp. 36-43 |
31 | 1979 | Keya, S.O., Ssali, H. Mukunya, D.M., Muruli, B.I. And Onim, J.F. 1979. Legume Research At The University Of Nairobi, In Planning International Network Of Legume Inoculation Trials. Click to View Abstract
The gene Q13L coding for the Capripoxvirus group specific structural protein P32 was expressed in Escherichia coli using plasmid pGEX-2T as a fusion protein with glutathione-s-transferase and purified on glutathione sepharose affinity chromatography column. The protein was then employed for diagnosis of sheeppox, goatpox and lumpyskin disease, by a latex agglutination test (LAT) using the purified P32 antigen and guinea pig detector antiserum raised against the P32 antigen. The LAT and virus neutralization test (VNT) were used to screen one hundred livestock field sera for antibodies to Capripoxvirus, in comparison the LAT was simpler, rapid and 23% more sensitive than the VNT. In addition the LAT was found to be specific for Carpripoxvirus because it did not pick antibodies to Orthopoxvirus and Parapoxvirus. The LA test can be taken for a simple and quick diagnostic tool for primary screening of Carpripoxvirus infection and will reduce the reliance of diagnostic laboratories on
tissue culture facilities.
Keywords: Carpripox, latex agglutination test, attachment gene
J. Trop. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Vol. 3 (2) 2007: pp. 36-43 |
32 | 1979 | Keya, S.O., Mukunya, D.M., Ngugi, D.N. And Waithaka, K. 1979. Suggestions For Modification Of Curriculum In Agricultural Institutes To Make Them More Effective For Ruraldevelopment. In Seminar Report Of The International Association Of Agriculture Student Click to View Abstract
The gene Q13L coding for the Capripoxvirus group specific structural protein P32 was expressed in Escherichia coli using plasmid pGEX-2T as a fusion protein with glutathione-s-transferase and purified on glutathione sepharose affinity chromatography column. The protein was then employed for diagnosis of sheeppox, goatpox and lumpyskin disease, by a latex agglutination test (LAT) using the purified P32 antigen and guinea pig detector antiserum raised against the P32 antigen. The LAT and virus neutralization test (VNT) were used to screen one hundred livestock field sera for antibodies to Capripoxvirus, in comparison the LAT was simpler, rapid and 23% more sensitive than the VNT. In addition the LAT was found to be specific for Carpripoxvirus because it did not pick antibodies to Orthopoxvirus and Parapoxvirus. The LA test can be taken for a simple and quick diagnostic tool for primary screening of Carpripoxvirus infection and will reduce the reliance of diagnostic laboratories on
tissue culture facilities.
Keywords: Carpripox, latex agglutination test, attachment gene
J. Trop. Microbiol. Biotechnol. Vol. 3 (2) 2007: pp. 36-43 |
33 | 1979 | An Unusual Presentation Of Multiple Myeloma. Proc. Ass. Of Surg. E.A. 2: 194,1979. Click to View Abstract
It has been the view of the Association of Surgeons of East Africa (ASEA) that, like primary health care, there is primary surgery. The unit of provision of primary surgery is the district hospital. The training of surgeons for district hospitals starts at the undergraduate level, leading to the attainment of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (M.B. Ch.B.) degree. After internship the doctor works in a district or provincial hospital for 2-3 years, then trains for the degree of Master of Medicine (M. Med. (Surg.)) for a period of 3 years. The training involves rotation through all branches of surgery, so that the surgeon should be able to handle all aspects of routine surgery in a district hospital. To equip the surgeon further, a period in an outside setting is considered advisable. There are arrangements for regional surgical colleges to standardise the form of surgical training in the ASEA region. To keep surgeons in touch with the outside world, specialist training is done outside the region, but arrangements are being made for localised specialised units to offer this training.
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34 | 1979 | Records On Phytoseiid Mites Of Peru (Mesostigmata : Phytoseiidae). Intl. J. Acar., 5: 111 Click to View Abstract
We surveyed the phytoseid mites in four different geographical zones of Kenya: Zone I, upper highland and tropical alpine (2400-4400m): Zone II, lower highland (1800-2400m); zone III, midland (800-1800m); Zone IV, tropical, hot and humid( 0-800m ). A total of 107 species was found. In the sub family, amblyseeinae there were 14 species in the genus Neoseilus , one in Aspereroseius Chant, one in Paraphytoseius Swirski &Schechter, five in typhlodromips De Leon, five in Transeius Chant & McMurty, one in Graminaseius Chant &McMurty, 11 in Amblyseius Berlese, one in Arrenoseius Wanstein, two in Typhlodromalus muma, seven in Ueckemannseius Chant &McMurty, one in Ambylodromalus Chant &Mcmurty,, 20 in Euseius Wanstein, one in Iphiseius Berlese, one in Phytoseilus Evans and one in Gynaseius Ehara & Imano. In the subfamily Phytoseiinae Berlese there were four species in the genus Phytoseiius Ribaga. In the subfamily Typhlodrominae Wanstein, there were four species in the genus Kuzinellus Wainstein and 27 in Typhlodromus Scheuten |
35 | 1979 | Bebora L.C., Waiyaki P.G. And Kaminjolo J.S. (1979): A Bacteriological And Serological Survey Of Avian Salmonellosis In Four Farms And A Slaughterhouse. Kenya Veterinarian 3(2):36-38. Click to View Abstract
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36 | 1979 | 17.31Bebora L.C., Waiyaki P.G. And Kaminjolo J.S. (1979): Occurrence Of Proteus Ammoniae In Domestic Fowl (Gallus Domesticus). Kenya Veterinarian 3(2):38-39. Click to View Abstract
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37 | 1979 | Nyaga P.N., Kaminjolo J.S., Mutiga E.R. And Bebora L.C. (1979): Occurrence Of Atypical Fowl Pox In Poultry Farms In Kenya. Avian Diseases 23:745-752. Click to View Abstract
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38 | 1979 | The Development Of The Solar Salt Industry In Kenya". A Technical Click to View Abstract
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39 | 1979 | Rheumatic Fever And Rheumatic Heart Disease (The Stigmas Of Sore Throat) - MEDICOM Click to View Abstract
A retrospective study of 42 patients with perforations of the oesophagus during the period 1981-1987 indicated that 57.1% of the perforations were iatrogenic. Diseases of the oesophagus and in contiguous structures and foreign bodies in the oesophagus caused perforations in 31% of the cases. Perforations in 35.7% of the patients were located in the middle third of the oesophagus. The lower and upper thirds were affected in 31% of the patients in each site. The presenting physical signs included tachycardia (78.6%), fever (76.2%) and dyspnoea (59.5%). The main accompanying symptoms were chest pain and coughs in 100% and in 50% of the patients respectively. Radiographic findings showed hydropneumothorax in 40.5% of the cases and consolidation in 38.1% of the patients. Oesophagoscopy was positive in 78% of cases tested while thoracocentesis was positive in all cases that were tested. |
40 | 1979 | How To Recognize And Manage Heart Attack - MEDICOM Click to View Abstract
A retrospective study of 42 patients with perforations of the oesophagus during the period 1981-1987 indicated that 57.1% of the perforations were iatrogenic. Diseases of the oesophagus and in contiguous structures and foreign bodies in the oesophagus caused perforations in 31% of the cases. Perforations in 35.7% of the patients were located in the middle third of the oesophagus. The lower and upper thirds were affected in 31% of the patients in each site. The presenting physical signs included tachycardia (78.6%), fever (76.2%) and dyspnoea (59.5%). The main accompanying symptoms were chest pain and coughs in 100% and in 50% of the patients respectively. Radiographic findings showed hydropneumothorax in 40.5% of the cases and consolidation in 38.1% of the patients. Oesophagoscopy was positive in 78% of cases tested while thoracocentesis was positive in all cases that were tested. |
41 | 1979 | Femoro-popliteal Vascular Surgery As An Experience - MEDICOM Click to View Abstract
A retrospective study of 42 patients with perforations of the oesophagus during the period 1981-1987 indicated that 57.1% of the perforations were iatrogenic. Diseases of the oesophagus and in contiguous structures and foreign bodies in the oesophagus caused perforations in 31% of the cases. Perforations in 35.7% of the patients were located in the middle third of the oesophagus. The lower and upper thirds were affected in 31% of the patients in each site. The presenting physical signs included tachycardia (78.6%), fever (76.2%) and dyspnoea (59.5%). The main accompanying symptoms were chest pain and coughs in 100% and in 50% of the patients respectively. Radiographic findings showed hydropneumothorax in 40.5% of the cases and consolidation in 38.1% of the patients. Oesophagoscopy was positive in 78% of cases tested while thoracocentesis was positive in all cases that were tested. |
42 | 1979 | The Effects Of Aorta-Iliac Operations On Sexual Function In The Male Re- Emphasis On Possible Preventive Measures Click to View Abstract
A retrospective study of 42 patients with perforations of the oesophagus during the period 1981-1987 indicated that 57.1% of the perforations were iatrogenic. Diseases of the oesophagus and in contiguous structures and foreign bodies in the oesophagus caused perforations in 31% of the cases. Perforations in 35.7% of the patients were located in the middle third of the oesophagus. The lower and upper thirds were affected in 31% of the patients in each site. The presenting physical signs included tachycardia (78.6%), fever (76.2%) and dyspnoea (59.5%). The main accompanying symptoms were chest pain and coughs in 100% and in 50% of the patients respectively. Radiographic findings showed hydropneumothorax in 40.5% of the cases and consolidation in 38.1% of the patients. Oesophagoscopy was positive in 78% of cases tested while thoracocentesis was positive in all cases that were tested. |
43 | 1979 | Odhiambo PA, Greenhalgh RM, Devine TJ.The Effects Of Aorto-iliac Operations On Sexual Function In The Male And A Re-emphasis On Possible Preventive Techniques.East Afr Med J. 1979 Oct;56(10):490-7. Click to View Abstract
A retrospective study of 42 patients with perforations of the oesophagus during the period 1981-1987 indicated that 57.1% of the perforations were iatrogenic. Diseases of the oesophagus and in contiguous structures and foreign bodies in the oesophagus caused perforations in 31% of the cases. Perforations in 35.7% of the patients were located in the middle third of the oesophagus. The lower and upper thirds were affected in 31% of the patients in each site. The presenting physical signs included tachycardia (78.6%), fever (76.2%) and dyspnoea (59.5%). The main accompanying symptoms were chest pain and coughs in 100% and in 50% of the patients respectively. Radiographic findings showed hydropneumothorax in 40.5% of the cases and consolidation in 38.1% of the patients. Oesophagoscopy was positive in 78% of cases tested while thoracocentesis was positive in all cases that were tested. |
44 | 1979 | Odhiambo PA.The Application Of Micro-vascular Surgery To The Reconstruction Of The Thoracic Oesophagus. Preliminary Communication.East Afr Med J. 1979 Jun;56(6):248-54. Click to View Abstract
A retrospective study of 42 patients with perforations of the oesophagus during the period 1981-1987 indicated that 57.1% of the perforations were iatrogenic. Diseases of the oesophagus and in contiguous structures and foreign bodies in the oesophagus caused perforations in 31% of the cases. Perforations in 35.7% of the patients were located in the middle third of the oesophagus. The lower and upper thirds were affected in 31% of the patients in each site. The presenting physical signs included tachycardia (78.6%), fever (76.2%) and dyspnoea (59.5%). The main accompanying symptoms were chest pain and coughs in 100% and in 50% of the patients respectively. Radiographic findings showed hydropneumothorax in 40.5% of the cases and consolidation in 38.1% of the patients. Oesophagoscopy was positive in 78% of cases tested while thoracocentesis was positive in all cases that were tested. |
45 | 1979 | E. M. W. Akunda, S. K. Imbamba And D. Kumar. High Density Plantings Of Coffee I Micro - E. M. W. Akunda, S. K. Imbamba And D. Kumar.climatic And Related Changes. Click to View Abstract
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46 | 1979 | The Horn, Kenyatta Universrity College Newspaper Click to View Abstract
Kamau RK, Osoti AO, Njuguna EM. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 1%76-00202, Nairobi, Kenya. BACKGROUND: Cancer of the uterine cervix is the most common female cancer in Kenya. Despite being preventable, it is often diagnosed when it is already late. For this reason, only palliative therapy is provided. Hence, it is expected that their daily routines and that of their caregivers are severely disrupted. OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent to which diagnosis and treatment of inoperable cervical carcinoma affects quality of life (QOL). DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting Radiotherapy Department at the Kenyatta National Hospital. SUBJECTS: Women undergoing radiotherapy for inoperable cervical cancer. RESULTS: There is high prevalence of profound disruptions in nearly all domains of QOL. In the social domain, between 33% and 44% had the perception that family members and friends had withdrawn social support. Reduction in various economic facets was reported by 47.4%-52.6%, with 44.7% reporting a fall in the overall living standards. There were significant changes in the sexual domain, as a result in which 28.3% reported marital discordance. In the personality domain, decreased self-esteem and self-projection in life occurred in 30.9% and 36.2% respectively. On functional outcomes (EORTC QLQ-C30), only 32%-41% reported not being affected in the various facets of emotional function. Physical functions were affected in 19%-79%, role functions in 69%-75%; symptoms in 49%-80%; cognitive functions in 46%-56%; social functions in 63%-71% and financial aspects by 63%. On global QOL, 53% and 47% respectively reported high level disruption in overall physical health and overall QOL. CONCLUSION: Severe deterioration of QOL occurs as a result of diagnosis of inoperable cervical cancer and subsequent therapies. For this reason there is need to establish severe disease and end-of-life research and management services that would ensure better coping with cancer for patients and for home-based caregivers. PMID: 17633581 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
47 | 1979 | Exerpts From The Village Bride, Heinnemann Click to View Abstract
Kamau RK, Osoti AO, Njuguna EM. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 1%76-00202, Nairobi, Kenya. BACKGROUND: Cancer of the uterine cervix is the most common female cancer in Kenya. Despite being preventable, it is often diagnosed when it is already late. For this reason, only palliative therapy is provided. Hence, it is expected that their daily routines and that of their caregivers are severely disrupted. OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent to which diagnosis and treatment of inoperable cervical carcinoma affects quality of life (QOL). DESIGN: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting Radiotherapy Department at the Kenyatta National Hospital. SUBJECTS: Women undergoing radiotherapy for inoperable cervical cancer. RESULTS: There is high prevalence of profound disruptions in nearly all domains of QOL. In the social domain, between 33% and 44% had the perception that family members and friends had withdrawn social support. Reduction in various economic facets was reported by 47.4%-52.6%, with 44.7% reporting a fall in the overall living standards. There were significant changes in the sexual domain, as a result in which 28.3% reported marital discordance. In the personality domain, decreased self-esteem and self-projection in life occurred in 30.9% and 36.2% respectively. On functional outcomes (EORTC QLQ-C30), only 32%-41% reported not being affected in the various facets of emotional function. Physical functions were affected in 19%-79%, role functions in 69%-75%; symptoms in 49%-80%; cognitive functions in 46%-56%; social functions in 63%-71% and financial aspects by 63%. On global QOL, 53% and 47% respectively reported high level disruption in overall physical health and overall QOL. CONCLUSION: Severe deterioration of QOL occurs as a result of diagnosis of inoperable cervical cancer and subsequent therapies. For this reason there is need to establish severe disease and end-of-life research and management services that would ensure better coping with cancer for patients and for home-based caregivers. PMID: 17633581 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
48 | 1979 | Cellulosic Renewable Resources As Sources Of Energy And Chemicals", In Energy Resources In East Africa Click to View Abstract
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49 | 1979 | Juma FD, Rogers HJ, Trounce JR.The Kinetics Of Salivary Elimination Of Cyclophosphamide In Man.Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1979 Nov;8(5):455-8 Click to View Abstract
1 The concentrations of cyclophosphamide in plasma and saliva were determined in seven patients following administration of single doses of cyclophosphamide during chemotherapy for lymphoma. 2 The saliva/plasma ratio was 0.77 +/- 0.24 (s.d.) and showed no time-dependence being rapidly established following intravenous and oral administration. 3 The T 1/2 of cyclophosphamide (8.38 +/- 2.25 h) determined from salivary measurements was not significantly different from that in plasma (8.24 +/- 2.60 h). It was not possible to estimate the apparent volume of distribution or total body clearance utilizing the salivary cyclophosphamide concentration without appropriate correction for the saliva/plasma concentration ratio. 4 The binding to the plasma protein of normal plasma of cyclophosphamide was 13.4 +/- 5.3%. The Scatchard plot for binding to bovine serum albumin indicates only weak binding to non-specific sites. 5 Salivary cyclophosphamide therefore indicates the concentration of the unbound fraction of plasma cyclophosphamide. |
50 | 1979 | Juma FD, Rogers HJ, Trounce JR.Pharmacokinetics Of Cyclophosphamide And Alkylating Activity In Man After Intravenous And Oral Administration.Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1979 Sep;8(3):209-17. Click to View Abstract
1 The concentrations of cyclophosphamide in plasma and saliva were determined in seven patients following administration of single doses of cyclophosphamide during chemotherapy for lymphoma. 2 The saliva/plasma ratio was 0.77 +/- 0.24 (s.d.) and showed no time-dependence being rapidly established following intravenous and oral administration. 3 The T 1/2 of cyclophosphamide (8.38 +/- 2.25 h) determined from salivary measurements was not significantly different from that in plasma (8.24 +/- 2.60 h). It was not possible to estimate the apparent volume of distribution or total body clearance utilizing the salivary cyclophosphamide concentration without appropriate correction for the saliva/plasma concentration ratio. 4 The binding to the plasma protein of normal plasma of cyclophosphamide was 13.4 +/- 5.3%. The Scatchard plot for binding to bovine serum albumin indicates only weak binding to non-specific sites. 5 Salivary cyclophosphamide therefore indicates the concentration of the unbound fraction of plasma cyclophosphamide. |
51 | 1979 | Juma FD, Rogers HJ, Trounce JR.First Pass Hepatic Metabolism Of Cyclophosphamide [proceedings]Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1979 Apr;7(4):422P. Click to View Abstract
1 The concentrations of cyclophosphamide in plasma and saliva were determined in seven patients following administration of single doses of cyclophosphamide during chemotherapy for lymphoma. 2 The saliva/plasma ratio was 0.77 +/- 0.24 (s.d.) and showed no time-dependence being rapidly established following intravenous and oral administration. 3 The T 1/2 of cyclophosphamide (8.38 +/- 2.25 h) determined from salivary measurements was not significantly different from that in plasma (8.24 +/- 2.60 h). It was not possible to estimate the apparent volume of distribution or total body clearance utilizing the salivary cyclophosphamide concentration without appropriate correction for the saliva/plasma concentration ratio. 4 The binding to the plasma protein of normal plasma of cyclophosphamide was 13.4 +/- 5.3%. The Scatchard plot for binding to bovine serum albumin indicates only weak binding to non-specific sites. 5 Salivary cyclophosphamide therefore indicates the concentration of the unbound fraction of plasma cyclophosphamide. |
52 | 1979 | Community Diagnosis And Health Action. A Manual For Tropical And Rural Areas. Chapter 15. PP130 Click to View Abstract
{ OBJECTIVES To compare sociodemographic profiles, child care, child feeding practices and growth indices of children born to HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative mothers. METHODS: A cohort study of 234 children (seropositive and seronegative) born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers and 139 children born to seronegative mothers in Pumwani Maternity Hospital which serves a low-income population in Nairobi, Kenya from December 1991 and January 1994. RESULTS: With few exceptions, at the time of their birth children in all three cohorts had parents with similar characteristics, lived in similar housing in similar geographical areas, had their mothers as their primary care givers, had similar feeding practices and similar growth status and patterns. However, the HIV-1 seropositive mothers were slightly younger (23.8 years vs. 25.0 years, P < 0.01), if married they were less likely to be their husband's first wife (79% vs. 91%
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53 | 1979 | UNEP/UNDP/Kenya Government Project On Environment And Development, 1979. Specialist Paper On Planning For Rural Settlements In Kenya. Click to View Abstract
{ OBJECTIVES To compare sociodemographic profiles, child care, child feeding practices and growth indices of children born to HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative mothers. METHODS: A cohort study of 234 children (seropositive and seronegative) born to HIV-1 seropositive mothers and 139 children born to seronegative mothers in Pumwani Maternity Hospital which serves a low-income population in Nairobi, Kenya from December 1991 and January 1994. RESULTS: With few exceptions, at the time of their birth children in all three cohorts had parents with similar characteristics, lived in similar housing in similar geographical areas, had their mothers as their primary care givers, had similar feeding practices and similar growth status and patterns. However, the HIV-1 seropositive mothers were slightly younger (23.8 years vs. 25.0 years, P < 0.01), if married they were less likely to be their husband's first wife (79% vs. 91%
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54 | 1979 | Mutiga, E.R. 1979. Treatment Of The Repeat Breeder Cow Syndrome In Kenya. Trop. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Vol. 10 P. 223-228. Click to View Abstract
Data relating to reproductive parameters of German shepherd bitches were collected from registered German shepherd dog (GSD) breeders with information kept over a 15-year period (1982-1997). The information obtained was verified using the East African Kennel Club records. A total of 594 bitches from 280 breeders were recorded. From these, 798 heats were observed, 594 of which were used for breeding, resulting in 3592 puppies. The mean age at puberty was 519.0 +/- 41 days. Heats occurred throughout the year, although significantly (P < 0.05) higher and lower incidences were observed in October and April respectively Pregnancy significantly (P < 0.01) increased interoestrous interval, which was 247.8 +/- 99.6 and 183 +/- 52 days among bred/pregnant and non-bred bitches respectively. Most bitches in oestrus (73.7%) were bred, and breeding was carried out throughout the year, with a distribution closely related to that of heat incidence. Subsequently, whelping occurred throughout the year, and 95.5% of the bitches that were mated whelped. A mean gestation period of 60.6 +/- 5.1 days was observed. The mean litter size was 6.4 +/- 0.4 puppies, and did not differ significantly between months. The preweaning losses were low, with 2.3% stillbirths, 0.9% culls and 11.4% mortalities. |
55 | 1979 | Mutiga, E.R. 1979. Genital Discharges In Your Dairy Cow. They Mean Something. Kenya Farmer. March 1979 P. 16-18. Click to View Abstract
Data relating to reproductive parameters of German shepherd bitches were collected from registered German shepherd dog (GSD) breeders with information kept over a 15-year period (1982-1997). The information obtained was verified using the East African Kennel Club records. A total of 594 bitches from 280 breeders were recorded. From these, 798 heats were observed, 594 of which were used for breeding, resulting in 3592 puppies. The mean age at puberty was 519.0 +/- 41 days. Heats occurred throughout the year, although significantly (P < 0.05) higher and lower incidences were observed in October and April respectively Pregnancy significantly (P < 0.01) increased interoestrous interval, which was 247.8 +/- 99.6 and 183 +/- 52 days among bred/pregnant and non-bred bitches respectively. Most bitches in oestrus (73.7%) were bred, and breeding was carried out throughout the year, with a distribution closely related to that of heat incidence. Subsequently, whelping occurred throughout the year, and 95.5% of the bitches that were mated whelped. A mean gestation period of 60.6 +/- 5.1 days was observed. The mean litter size was 6.4 +/- 0.4 puppies, and did not differ significantly between months. The preweaning losses were low, with 2.3% stillbirths, 0.9% culls and 11.4% mortalities. |
56 | 1979 | Nyaga, P.N., Kaminjoro, J.S., Mutiga, E.R. And Bebora, L.C. 1979. Occurrence Of A Typical Fowlpox In Poultry Farms In Kenya. Avian Diseases 23 (3) : 745-752. Click to View Abstract
Data relating to reproductive parameters of German shepherd bitches were collected from registered German shepherd dog (GSD) breeders with information kept over a 15-year period (1982-1997). The information obtained was verified using the East African Kennel Club records. A total of 594 bitches from 280 breeders were recorded. From these, 798 heats were observed, 594 of which were used for breeding, resulting in 3592 puppies. The mean age at puberty was 519.0 +/- 41 days. Heats occurred throughout the year, although significantly (P < 0.05) higher and lower incidences were observed in October and April respectively Pregnancy significantly (P < 0.01) increased interoestrous interval, which was 247.8 +/- 99.6 and 183 +/- 52 days among bred/pregnant and non-bred bitches respectively. Most bitches in oestrus (73.7%) were bred, and breeding was carried out throughout the year, with a distribution closely related to that of heat incidence. Subsequently, whelping occurred throughout the year, and 95.5% of the bitches that were mated whelped. A mean gestation period of 60.6 +/- 5.1 days was observed. The mean litter size was 6.4 +/- 0.4 puppies, and did not differ significantly between months. The preweaning losses were low, with 2.3% stillbirths, 0.9% culls and 11.4% mortalities. |
57 | 1979 | Nyaga, P.N., Kaminjoro, J.S., Mutiga, E.R. And Bebora, L.C. 1979. Occurrence Of A Typical Fowlpox In Poultry Farms In Kenya. Avian Diseases 23 (3) : 745-752. Click to View Abstract
Data relating to reproductive parameters of German shepherd bitches were collected from registered German shepherd dog (GSD) breeders with information kept over a 15-year period (1982-1997). The information obtained was verified using the East African Kennel Club records. A total of 594 bitches from 280 breeders were recorded. From these, 798 heats were observed, 594 of which were used for breeding, resulting in 3592 puppies. The mean age at puberty was 519.0 +/- 41 days. Heats occurred throughout the year, although significantly (P < 0.05) higher and lower incidences were observed in October and April respectively Pregnancy significantly (P < 0.01) increased interoestrous interval, which was 247.8 +/- 99.6 and 183 +/- 52 days among bred/pregnant and non-bred bitches respectively. Most bitches in oestrus (73.7%) were bred, and breeding was carried out throughout the year, with a distribution closely related to that of heat incidence. Subsequently, whelping occurred throughout the year, and 95.5% of the bitches that were mated whelped. A mean gestation period of 60.6 +/- 5.1 days was observed. The mean litter size was 6.4 +/- 0.4 puppies, and did not differ significantly between months. The preweaning losses were low, with 2.3% stillbirths, 0.9% culls and 11.4% mortalities. |
58 | 1979 | Bennett, F.J., Etc. Community Diagnosis And Health Action. MacMillan Publishers, London, 1979. Click to View Abstract
Records were available for 197 patients with malignant lymphomas (MLs) aged 13 years and above seen at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) between the years 1973 and 1986. There were 110 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) and 87 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs). The distribution of the two groups according to sex and histologic sub-types was not significantly different. HD patients were on average significantly younger than NHL patients (28.8 years versus 41.1 years). Over 70% of both HD and NHL cases presented in stages III and IV and the distribution of the groups according to stage of disease was not statistically significant. There was no significant correlation between stage of disease at diagnosis and histologic subtypes for either group. Losses to follow-up were high in both groups. Female sex was associated with longer periods of follow-up in both groups, being statistically significant for HD and not so for NHLs. Age was not correlated with duration of follow-up for NHLS whereas for HD cases, older age (above 53 years) was associated with shortened follow-up periods. The mortality rate was higher in NHLs than in HD cases.
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59 | 1979 | The Relationship Between Land Markets And Land Conflicts In Nairobi Click to View Abstract
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60 | 1979 | Omondi, L.N. (1979) Paralinguistics: A Survey Of Non-Verbal Communication With Particular Reference To Zambia And Kenya. In The Journal Of The Language Association Of Eastern Africa. Vol. 4, 1 Pp.19-41. Click to View Abstract
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61 | 1979 | Pamba H.O. And Roberts J.M.D.:Schistosomiasis In And Around Lake Naivasha, Kenya. Seven Years Surveillance.E. Afr. Med. J. 56: 225, 1979 Click to View Abstract
This paper investigates the possibilities of applying emerging management theories and techniques to constitutionally created offices in Kenya and East African region. The benefits from application of these theories, particularly in the judicial services are highlighted. |
62 | 1979 | Kasili E.G., Wamola I.A., Pamba H.O., Shiramba T.L. And Brockman J.M.:Various Pathological Manifestation Of Leprosy: A Multidisciplinary Study E. Afr. Med. J. 56: 59, 1979 Click to View Abstract
This paper investigates the possibilities of applying emerging management theories and techniques to constitutionally created offices in Kenya and East African region. The benefits from application of these theories, particularly in the judicial services are highlighted.
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63 | 1979 | Mirza N.B., Pamba H.O., O Click to View Abstract
This paper investigates the possibilities of applying emerging management theories and techniques to constitutionally created offices in Kenya and East African region. The benefits from application of these theories, particularly in the judicial services are highlighted. |
64 | 1979 | "A Manual For Research And Writing." By M. Ragaab And N.D. Nzomo. This Manual Is Intended To Guide Students In The Faculty Of Commerce In Partial Fulfilment Of The Requirement For Term Papers, Field Research Projects And Thesis. Faculty Of Commerce, . Click to View Abstract
Journal of the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya. (pages 13-15) |
65 | 1979 | "The Accounting Profession In Kenya." ,(pages 38-44). This Article Describes Gvoernment Efforts To Orgnaize The Accoutning Profession And Guide Its Future Developments Through The Institute Of Certified Public Accountants Of Kenya. ICPA(K) Click to View Abstract
Journal of the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya. (pages 13-15) |
66 | 1979 | 5. Click to View Abstract
Journal of the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya. (pages 13-15) |
67 | 1979 | Peasants And Self-Help Development Projects In Rural Kenya: Codebook For Project Case Studies May 1979. Jointly With Drs. Joel Barkan, S.E. Migot-Adholla And Frank Holmquist. Click to View Abstract
Journal of the Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Kenya. (pages 13-15) |
68 | 1979 | Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Experience At Kenyatta National Hospital. East Afr Med J. 1979 Dec;56(12):675-80. No Abstract Available. PMID: 544267 [PubMed - Indexed For MEDLINE] Click to View Abstract
No abstract available. |
69 | 1979 | Recruitment And Training Of Pathologists In Kenya. Click to View Abstract
No abstract available. |
70 | 1979 | The Social Characteristics Of Thr Residents Of The Kamburu And Gitaru Area, In R. S. Odingo(Editor), An African Dam-ecological Survey Of Kamburu/ Gitaru Hydro-electrical Dam Area, Kenya, Ecological Bulletins No.29,Swedish Natural Science Research Council, Click to View Abstract
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71 | 1979 | The Social Characteristics Of The Residents Of The Kamburu And Gitaru Area, In R. S. Odingo (Editor). An African Dam-Ecological Survey Of Kamburu/Gitaru Hydro-electrical Dam Area, Kenya, Ecological Bulletins No. 29, Swedish Natural Science Research Counci Click to View Abstract
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72 | 1979 | "Interference Effects Of Different Metal In The Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Determination Of Chromium", Click to View Abstract
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73 | 1979 | Use Of Complexing Ligands In The Determination Of Antimony And Tin By Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry Click to View Abstract
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74 | 1979 | Some Group VB Chloride Complexes With Thiourea And N.N'-diethyldithioxamide Click to View Abstract
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75 | 1979 | Coordination Of Non-Government Agent Activities Click to View Abstract
Introduction
The Centre for Open and Distance Learning has been established to facilitate the Internal Faculties in launching and managing their programmes using distance mode with a view to increasing access to university education and provide equity in higher education to the learners all over the country.
Operational Strategies
The operational strategies that have been set up involve collaborative arrangements between the CODL and the Internal Faculties in the development of Study Materials and Learner support Services for off-campus students. The professional in open and distance learning are availed by the Centre to serve the Faculties as trainers while the Faculties provide academic expertise who are facilitated through participatory methods involving application of knowledge, skills and strategies to develop study materials in their respective subjects.
Focus
The Centre is currently working with Faculties of Science, Commerce and Arts. The Material development process involves training, writing, reviewing and editing followed by conversion to e-content and audio modes.
Conclusion
These collaborative arrangements will increase access to higher education make significant contribution in the realization of educational Millennium Goals in Kenya where only 20% of all those who qualify obtain admission in the public universities. |
76 | 1979 | Education And Self-Employment Click to View Abstract
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77 | 1979 | Adult Education, Conscientization And National Development. Click to View Abstract
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78 | 1979 | Social Change And Educational Reform. Click to View Abstract
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79 | 1979 | Education And Self-Employment Click to View Abstract
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80 | 1979 | "Ngugi And The National Language Issues", Sunday Nation 5 August 1979. Click to View Abstract
This integrative review on the teaching of reading in Kenyan primary schools provides a foundation for the growing movement there to improve reading education. In gathering sources for this review, we took an inclusive historical stance. Thus, we did not dismiss research reports that lacked traditional indicators of quality such as being published in peer-reviewed journals. We used multiple methods to find relevant research and associated documents, including two trips to Kenya. The review is organized by six topics: (a) language of instruction, (b) reading instruction, (c) reading materials, (d) reading culture, (e) assessment, and (f) teacher development. The review concludes with six proposals for policymakers, educational researchers, and teacher educators for the development of reading instruction based on what we learned in reviewing the literature. The first proposals are intended specifically to address the teaching of reading in Kenya, but they may be relevant to other sub-Saharan nations. The final proposal encourages others to conduct similar reviews to make possible a handbook of reading in Africa. |
81 | 1979 | Industrial Relations, Employment Promotion And Development Labour And Society Vol No I With A Gladstone & T. Mulat. Click to View Abstract
Differentiation of bloodstream-form trypanosomes into procyclic (midgut) forms is an important first step in the establishment of an infection within the tsetse fly. This complex process is mediated by a wide variety of factors, including those associated with the vector itself, the trypanosomes and the bloodmeal. As part of an on-going project in our laboratory, we recently isolated and characterized a bloodmeal-induced molecule with both lectin and trypsin activities from midguts of the tsetse fly, Glossina longipennis [Osir, E.O., Abubakar, L., Imbuga, M.O., 1995. Purification and characterization of a midgut lectin-trypsin complex from the tsetse fly, Glossina longipennis. Parasitol. Res. 81, 276-281]. The protein (lectin-trypsin complex) was found to be capable of stimulating differentiation of bloodstream trypanosomes in vitro. Using polyclonal antibodies to the complex, we screened a G. fuscipes fuscipes cDNA midgut expression library and identified a putative proteolytic lectin gene. The cDNA encodes a putative mature polypeptide with 274 amino acids (designated Glossina proteolytic lectin, Gpl). The deduced amino acid sequence includes a hydrophobic signal peptide and a highly conserved N-terminal sequence motif. The typical features of serine protease trypsin family of proteins found in the sequence include the His/Asp/Ser active site triad with the conserved residues surrounding it, three pairs of cysteine residues for disulfide bridges and an aspartate residue at the specificity pocket. Expression of the gene in a bacterial expression system yielded a protein (M(r) approximately 32,500). The recombinant protein (Gpl) bound d(+) glucosamine and agglutinated bloodstream-form trypanosomes and rabbit red blood cells. In addition, the protein was found to be capable of inducing transformation of bloodstream-form trypanosomes into procyclic forms in vitro. Antibodies raised against the recombinant protein showed cross-reactivity with the alpha subunit of the lectin-trypsin complex. These results support our earlier hypothesis that this molecule is involved in the establishment of trypanosome infections in tsetse flies. |
82 | 1979 | Scope And Some Salient Features Of Rural Employment In Kenya KIDMA: The Israel Journal Of Development Vol.5, No.2 Click to View Abstract
Differentiation of bloodstream-form trypanosomes into procyclic (midgut) forms is an important first step in the establishment of an infection within the tsetse fly. This complex process is mediated by a wide variety of factors, including those associated with the vector itself, the trypanosomes and the bloodmeal. As part of an on-going project in our laboratory, we recently isolated and characterized a bloodmeal-induced molecule with both lectin and trypsin activities from midguts of the tsetse fly, Glossina longipennis [Osir, E.O., Abubakar, L., Imbuga, M.O., 1995. Purification and characterization of a midgut lectin-trypsin complex from the tsetse fly, Glossina longipennis. Parasitol. Res. 81, 276-281]. The protein (lectin-trypsin complex) was found to be capable of stimulating differentiation of bloodstream trypanosomes in vitro. Using polyclonal antibodies to the complex, we screened a G. fuscipes fuscipes cDNA midgut expression library and identified a putative proteolytic lectin gene. The cDNA encodes a putative mature polypeptide with 274 amino acids (designated Glossina proteolytic lectin, Gpl). The deduced amino acid sequence includes a hydrophobic signal peptide and a highly conserved N-terminal sequence motif. The typical features of serine protease trypsin family of proteins found in the sequence include the His/Asp/Ser active site triad with the conserved residues surrounding it, three pairs of cysteine residues for disulfide bridges and an aspartate residue at the specificity pocket. Expression of the gene in a bacterial expression system yielded a protein (M(r) approximately 32,500). The recombinant protein (Gpl) bound d(+) glucosamine and agglutinated bloodstream-form trypanosomes and rabbit red blood cells. In addition, the protein was found to be capable of inducing transformation of bloodstream-form trypanosomes into procyclic forms in vitro. Antibodies raised against the recombinant protein showed cross-reactivity with the alpha subunit of the lectin-trypsin complex. These results support our earlier hypothesis that this molecule is involved in the establishment of trypanosome infections in tsetse flies. |
83 | 1979 | Editor Of The Proceedings Of An S.I.D Seminar On Alternative Patterns Of Development And Lifestyle In Eastern Africa With G.K Rukwaro Click to View Abstract
Differentiation of bloodstream-form trypanosomes into procyclic (midgut) forms is an important first step in the establishment of an infection within the tsetse fly. This complex process is mediated by a wide variety of factors, including those associated with the vector itself, the trypanosomes and the bloodmeal. As part of an on-going project in our laboratory, we recently isolated and characterized a bloodmeal-induced molecule with both lectin and trypsin activities from midguts of the tsetse fly, Glossina longipennis [Osir, E.O., Abubakar, L., Imbuga, M.O., 1995. Purification and characterization of a midgut lectin-trypsin complex from the tsetse fly, Glossina longipennis. Parasitol. Res. 81, 276-281]. The protein (lectin-trypsin complex) was found to be capable of stimulating differentiation of bloodstream trypanosomes in vitro. Using polyclonal antibodies to the complex, we screened a G. fuscipes fuscipes cDNA midgut expression library and identified a putative proteolytic lectin gene. The cDNA encodes a putative mature polypeptide with 274 amino acids (designated Glossina proteolytic lectin, Gpl). The deduced amino acid sequence includes a hydrophobic signal peptide and a highly conserved N-terminal sequence motif. The typical features of serine protease trypsin family of proteins found in the sequence include the His/Asp/Ser active site triad with the conserved residues surrounding it, three pairs of cysteine residues for disulfide bridges and an aspartate residue at the specificity pocket. Expression of the gene in a bacterial expression system yielded a protein (M(r) approximately 32,500). The recombinant protein (Gpl) bound d(+) glucosamine and agglutinated bloodstream-form trypanosomes and rabbit red blood cells. In addition, the protein was found to be capable of inducing transformation of bloodstream-form trypanosomes into procyclic forms in vitro. Antibodies raised against the recombinant protein showed cross-reactivity with the alpha subunit of the lectin-trypsin complex. These results support our earlier hypothesis that this molecule is involved in the establishment of trypanosome infections in tsetse flies. |
84 | 1979 | Imungi, J.K. 1979. Physical And Chemical Changes Taking Place During Extraction And Concentration Of Clear Guava Juice, M.Sc. Thesis, University Of Nairobi, Kenya. Click to View Abstract
Twenty variceal banding sessions were performed in eight patients between February 1995 and September 1996. A total of 69 rings were used to band the varices and at each session between two to six rings were used. Two of the eight had active bleeding and both underwent variceal banding to successfully arrest their bleeding as inpatients. Sixteen other variceal banding sessions were performed on an outpatient basis to obliterate their varices. Four of the eight patients had had sclerotherapy before and varices were still present. No acute or long term complications were noted. In one patient, variceal banding could not be performed as he developed stridor upon placement of the overtube. All the patients had advanced varices (Grade III or IV) and extended for more than 15 cms in the oesophagus. Endoscopic variceal obliteration remains the treatment of choice for patients with portal hypertension with variceal bleeding. Variceal banding is associated with a superior outcome when compared with sclerotherapy; the variceal kill time is shorter, infective complications less, rebleeding occurs less commonly and transfusion requirements are lower. |
85 | 1979 | MUTULI S.M; "The Properties Of Sisal Fibre And Sisal Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials" M.Sc. Thesis, University Of Nairobi - Kenya, 1979. Click to View Abstract
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86 | 1979 | MUTULI S.M; "The Properties Of Sisal Fibre And Sisal Fibre Reinforced Composite Materials" M.Sc. Thesis, University Of Nairobi - Kenya, 1979. Click to View Abstract
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87 | 1979 | Pyogenic Thyroiditis At KNH. E.A. Med. J. VOl. 56 No. 1, 1979 Click to View Abstract
No abstract yet SUMMARY.
Although pyogenic thyroiditis is rare,the four cases have been seen and treated at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) over the last 10 years.This is a report of one of these cases detailing the clinical presentation and operative findings.
A middle aged female with a large painful shining anterior neck swelling of 4days duration.She had difficulty of swallowing,but no dyspnoea.She was febrile,with moderate anaemia, polymorph-leucocytosis (52%)and lymphocytosis(36%).Thyroid immunoglobulins were unavailable.131 iodine uptake studies was reduced,plain x-ray of the trachea/neck was unremarkable.
A thick suppurative pus from the left lobe grew on organisms.The discusses various forms of thyroid abcesses ,their causes and treatment.
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88 | 1979 | Case Report Of Pyogenic Thyroiditis At Kenyatta National Hospital. Click to View Abstract
No abstract available yet. |
89 | 1979 | "Politicised Land"; The Guardian, Special Supplement, December. Click to View Abstract
The identification of five novel compounds, pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-N-demethylerythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 5-O-beta-D-desosaminylerythronolide A and 15-nor-erythromycin C, in mother liquor concentrates of Streptomyces erythraeus is described. The pseudo-erythromycin derivatives are characterized by a 12-membered macrocyclic ring as a result of C13––C11 trans-lactonization. The five compounds have very little antimicrobial activity. |
90 | 1979 | "The Imposition Of Property Law In Kenya" In S. Burman And E. E. Harrel-Bond (eds.) The Imposition Of Law Click to View Abstract
The identification of five novel compounds, pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-N-demethylerythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 5-O-beta-D-desosaminylerythronolide A and 15-nor-erythromycin C, in mother liquor concentrates of Streptomyces erythraeus is described. The pseudo-erythromycin derivatives are characterized by a 12-membered macrocyclic ring as a result of C13––C11 trans-lactonization. The five compounds have very little antimicrobial activity. |
91 | 1979 | "The Implementation Of Land Use Regulation With Special Reference To The Protection Of The Soil And Its Fertility"; A Pepr For The 1979 Environmental Chemistry Workshop, Chiromo Campus, July 20-27 Click to View Abstract
The identification of five novel compounds, pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-N-demethylerythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 5-O-beta-D-desosaminylerythronolide A and 15-nor-erythromycin C, in mother liquor concentrates of Streptomyces erythraeus is described. The pseudo-erythromycin derivatives are characterized by a 12-membered macrocyclic ring as a result of C13––C11 trans-lactonization. The five compounds have very little antimicrobial activity. |
92 | 1979 | "Land Tenure And Its Implications For The Development Of Semi-Arid Areas"; Paper For The Workshop On The Development Of Kenya's Semi-Arid Areas. Institute For Development Studies, University Of Nairobi, July 23-27. Click to View Abstract
The identification of five novel compounds, pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-erythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 8,9-anhydro-pseudo-N-demethylerythromycin A-6,9-hemiketal, 5-O-beta-D-desosaminylerythronolide A and 15-nor-erythromycin C, in mother liquor concentrates of Streptomyces erythraeus is described. The pseudo-erythromycin derivatives are characterized by a 12-membered macrocyclic ring as a result of C13––C11 trans-lactonization. The five compounds have very little antimicrobial activity. |
93 | 1979 | Patnaik, J.K., Kiangi, P.M.R., And Nganga, J. K., 1979: Some Aspects Of Seasonal Features Of The Southern Hemisphere Subtropical Jetstream. Research Report No. 1/79 Institute Of Meteorological Training And Research. Kenya Meteorological Department, 1979,9 Click to View Abstract
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94 | 1979 | Kiptoon, J.C., J.M. Maribei, L.J.W. Kamau And P. Thuo. Bovine Borreliosis In Kenya. Borrelia Theileri Associated With Bovine Anaemia. The Kenya Veterinarian 3(1), 11-12 (1979). Click to View Abstract
Two groups of 6 rats each received subcutaneous injections of 2.3 mg/kg or 5.0 mg/kg of quinuronium, respectively, on two consecutive days, while 5 rats injected with physiological saline served as controls. Clinical signs of muscular tremors, jumps, enlarged and hyperemic eyeballs, lacrimation, depression and anorexia were observed following administration of quinuronium. One rat receiving 5 mg/kg died before termination of the study. When killed 48 h after the first injection, the quinuronium-treated rats had a higher liver weight/body weight ratio compared to the controls. Quinuronium resulted in hepatic centrilobular fatty degeneration, but no depletion of hepatic glutathione (GSH). The present findings suggest that glutathione depletion does not seem to be involved in quinuronium hepatotoxicity |
95 | 1979 | Maribei, J.M., B.C. Tennant And B. Baldwin (1979). Effects Of Intravenous Administration Of D-penicillamine On Liver Copper Stores Of Housed Sheep. The Kenya Veterinarian 3(1), 7-9. Click to View Abstract
Two groups of 6 rats each received subcutaneous injections of 2.3 mg/kg or 5.0 mg/kg of quinuronium, respectively, on two consecutive days, while 5 rats injected with physiological saline served as controls. Clinical signs of muscular tremors, jumps, enlarged and hyperemic eyeballs, lacrimation, depression and anorexia were observed following administration of quinuronium. One rat receiving 5 mg/kg died before termination of the study. When killed 48 h after the first injection, the quinuronium-treated rats had a higher liver weight/body weight ratio compared to the controls. Quinuronium resulted in hepatic centrilobular fatty degeneration, but no depletion of hepatic glutathione (GSH). The present findings suggest that glutathione depletion does not seem to be involved in quinuronium hepatotoxicity |
96 | 1979 | Mbindyo, J.M. "The Impact Of Communication Channels Among The Small And Large Scale Farmers In Eastern Nigeria,". Click to View Abstract
Two groups of 6 rats each received subcutaneous injections of 2.3 mg/kg or 5.0 mg/kg of quinuronium, respectively, on two consecutive days, while 5 rats injected with physiological saline served as controls. Clinical signs of muscular tremors, jumps, enlarged and hyperemic eyeballs, lacrimation, depression and anorexia were observed following administration of quinuronium. One rat receiving 5 mg/kg died before termination of the study. When killed 48 h after the first injection, the quinuronium-treated rats had a higher liver weight/body weight ratio compared to the controls. Quinuronium resulted in hepatic centrilobular fatty degeneration, but no depletion of hepatic glutathione (GSH). The present findings suggest that glutathione depletion does not seem to be involved in quinuronium hepatotoxicity |
97 | 1979 | Ojwang SBO, Sinei SKA Post Caesarian Section Febrile Morbidity At The Kenyatta National Hospital.Medicom 1979:55 Click to View Abstract
PIP: This research report studies several biochemical and histochemical aspects of cervical carcinoma and explores their use in follow-up of patients undergoing radiotherapy. Material came from 19 patients with invasive cervical carcinoma admitted to Kenyatta National Hospital. A control group consisted of 20 women matched for age who attended clinics at the hospital but were not suffering from any malignant disease; control tissue for histological examination was obtained from 3 women who had undergone hysterectomy for uterine fibroids. Biochemical assays for alkaline and acid phosphatases in patients with cervical carcinoma show an increase in alkaline phosphatase in carcinomatous tissue (35.7 umoles/hr/mg) as opposed to normal tissue (7.2). Acid phosphatase values were only moderately raised. Assays of the same enzymes in blood showed a less marked difference between patients and controls (ranges of 7.5-20.8 and 3-14, respectively). When examined histochemically, increased alkaline phosphatase activity was observed in connective tissue, epithelium of the glands and blood capillaries of tumor tissue. 1 section containing normal tissue bordering carcinomatous tissue demonstrated normal alkaline phosphatase activity in the normal tissue and increased activity in the tumor tissue. In summary, there is increased enzyme activity around the tumor areas, but values for serum levels show an overlap of normal and abnormal cases and are therefore not predictive. Results demonstrate a clear difference in activities of these enzymes in carcinomatous tissue and normal tissue, which may be of value in follow-up care. |
98 | 1979 | ODUOR-OKELO, D. (1979). A Study Of The Fetal Membranes And Placenta Of The African Cane Rat (Thryonomys Swinderianus), With Some Observations On The Placentation In The Elephant Shrews Click to View Abstract
Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with corn oil or 5 mg, 20 mg, 25 mg or 30 mg per kg body weight of heptachlor solution every other day for up to 18 days. The rats were killed at the end of the experimental period, and blood samples were assayed for progesterone and oestrogen by radioimmunoassay. Ovarian cells from the rats were isolated and incubated either on their own, or in the presence of LH or FSH, and production of progesterone and oestrogen determined. Control incubations consisted of cells from corn oil-treated rats. The latter were also incubated on their own or in the presence of LH or FSH. Heptachlor significantly suppressed blood progesterone and oestradiol levels (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001), the degree of suppression depending on the dose and the stage of the oestrous cycle in which samples were obtained. Production of oestradiol by ovarian cells from heptachlor-treated rats was lower than for corn oil-treated controls. Cells from rats treated with low doses of heptachlor (5 mg per kg body weight) showed an increased production of progesterone, while high doses (> 20 mg per kg body weight) suppressed production. |
99 | 1979 | Gathuma, J. M., Sollod, A. E. And Waiyaki, P. G. (1978). Evaluation Of The Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test In The Diagnosis Of Cysticercus Bovis Infection In Cattle. The Kenya Veterinarian 2 (1), 7 Click to View Abstract
Antisera to thermostable muscle antigens from 13 wild animals: Buffalo, Waterbuck, Bushbuck, Eland, Oryx, Kongoni, Bushpig, Warthog, Topi, Thomson’s gazelle, Grant’s gazelle, Sheep, Pig, Horse, Camel & Dog, were raised in rabbits and/or goats. Absorptions of the antisera with copolymerized pooled serum from the 20 species and the thermostable muscle antigens rendered most of the antisera mmonospecific. It was possible to identify the species of origin of saline extracts of both cooked and fresh meat samples in immunodiffusion tests. The method is promising for use in identification of the species origin of fresh and cooked animal meats. |
100 | 1979 | Gathuma, J. M., Kagiko, M. M. And Nyaga, P. N. Bacteriological Water Quality In Kajiado District, Kenya. E.J. Med. Res. Vol. 5 No. 1 (1979) Click to View Abstract
Antisera to thermostable muscle antigens from 13 wild animals: Buffalo, Waterbuck, Bushbuck, Eland, Oryx, Kongoni, Bushpig, Warthog, Topi, Thomson’s gazelle, Grant’s gazelle, Sheep, Pig, Horse, Camel & Dog, were raised in rabbits and/or goats. Absorptions of the antisera with copolymerized pooled serum from the 20 species and the thermostable muscle antigens rendered most of the antisera mmonospecific. It was possible to identify the species of origin of saline extracts of both cooked and fresh meat samples in immunodiffusion tests. The method is promising for use in identification of the species origin of fresh and cooked animal meats. |
101 | 1979 | Nyaga, P.N. And Gathuma, J.M. (1979). Some Observations On Taenia Saginata Cysticercosis In Kenya Slaughter Cattle. Bull. Anim. Hlth. Prod. Afr. 27 (1), 51 Click to View Abstract
Antisera to thermostable muscle antigens from 13 wild animals: Buffalo, Waterbuck, Bushbuck, Eland, Oryx, Kongoni, Bushpig, Warthog, Topi, Thomson’s gazelle, Grant’s gazelle, Sheep, Pig, Horse, Camel & Dog, were raised in rabbits and/or goats. Absorptions of the antisera with copolymerized pooled serum from the 20 species and the thermostable muscle antigens rendered most of the antisera mmonospecific. It was possible to identify the species of origin of saline extracts of both cooked and fresh meat samples in immunodiffusion tests. The method is promising for use in identification of the species origin of fresh and cooked animal meats. |
102 | 1979 | Fossum, K. And Gathuma, J.M. (1979). Click to View Abstract
Antisera to thermostable muscle antigens from 13 wild animals: Buffalo, Waterbuck, Bushbuck, Eland, Oryx, Kongoni, Bushpig, Warthog, Topi, Thomson’s gazelle, Grant’s gazelle, Sheep, Pig, Horse, Camel & Dog, were raised in rabbits and/or goats. Absorptions of the antisera with copolymerized pooled serum from the 20 species and the thermostable muscle antigens rendered most of the antisera mmonospecific. It was possible to identify the species of origin of saline extracts of both cooked and fresh meat samples in immunodiffusion tests. The method is promising for use in identification of the species origin of fresh and cooked animal meats. |
103 | 1979 | 'Higher Levels Of Agricultural Production: The Role Of Least Developed Farmers', Paper Presented To A Conference On The Role Of State In Agricultural Development And Participation Of Population, Khartoum, Sudan, December, 1979. Click to View Abstract
Presented here is a 16-year-old girl who was referred on 30th January 1996 with diagnosis of cord compression with spastic paraplegia with sensory level at T7/T8. CT scan myelogam confirmed soft tissue density mass displacing cord to the left with no dye being seen beyond T3. Thoracic spine decompressive laminectomy was performed on 1st January 1996 at Nairobi West Hospital extending from T3 to T6 level, which revealed a fibrous haemorrhagic tumour. Histology showed meningioma (mixed fibrous type and meningoepitheliomatous type) with many psammoma bodies. She had a stormy post-operative period, with infection and wound dehiscence. This was treated with appropriate antibiotics and wound care. She was eventually rehabilitated and was able to walk with the aid of a walking frame because of persistent spasticity of right leg. She was seen once as an outpatient by author on 6th July 1996, she was able to use the walking frame, but the right leg was still held in flexion deformity at the knee. She was thus referred to an orthopaedic surgeon for possible tenotomy. She was able to resume her studies at the University ambulating using a wheel chair and walking frame. She presented with worsening of symptoms in 2001 (five years after her first surgery). MRI scan thoracic spine revealed a left anterolateral intradural lesion extending from T3 to T5 vertebral body level compressing and displacing the spinal cord. She had a repeat surgery on 6th March 2001 at Kenyatta National Hospital; spastic paraparesis and urinary incontinenece persisted. She also developed bed sores and recurrent urinary tract infections. She was followed up by the author and other medical personnel in Mwea Mission Hospital where she eventually succumbed in 2005, nine years after her first surgery. This case is presented as a case of incompletely excised spinal meningioma to highlight some of the problems of managing spinal meningiomas when operating microscope and embolisation of tumours are not readily available. Also the family experienced financial constraint in bringing the patient for regular follow-up, and getting access to appropriate antibiotics, catheters and urine bags. |
104 | 1979 | Reaves, T.G, P.I.D. Kinyua, G.M. Muchiri And D.W. Kabiru, 1979. Research And Extension Results, Margarini Settlement Scheme Agronomy Programme - Long Rains 1979. Margarine Project Report. Click to View Abstract
Participatory research on bovine trypanosomiasis was conducted with Orma pastoralists in Tana River District, Kenya. The use of participatory methods to understand local perceptions of disease signs, disease causes, disease incidence by cattle age group, seasonal patterns of disease and preferences for indigenous and modern control methods are described. Results indicated that local characterization of diseases called gandi and buku by Orma pastoralists was similar to modern veterinary knowledge on chronic trypanosomiasis and haemorrhagic trypanosomiasis (due to Trypanosoma vivax), respectively. The mean incidence of gandi varied from 10.2% in calves to 28.6% in adult cattle. The mean incidence of buku varied from 3.1% in calves to 9.6% in adults. Pearson correlation coefficients for disease incidence by age group were 0.498 (P < 0.01) and 0.396 (P < 0.05) for gandi and buku, respectively. Informants observed cases of trypanosomiasis in 24.1% of cattle (all age groups); these cases accounted for 41.8% of all sick cattle during the preceding 12-month period. Eight indigenous and three modern trypanosomiasis control methods were identified. Results indicated that an integrated approach to trypanosomiasis control based on private, individual action was well established in the assessment area. When presented with four different trypanosomiasis control methods, community representatives selected 'better use of trypanocides' as the most preferred intervention and 'community-based tsetse control' as the least preferred intervention. This finding prompted researchers to modify the original project activities. Constraints facing the sustainability of community-based tsetse control are discussed.
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105 | 1979 | The Study Of The Influence Of Stochastic Sources In Botzmann Kinetic Equation Click to View Abstract
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to identify health-care seeking and related behaviors relevant to controlling sexually transmitted diseases in Kenya. METHODS. A total of 380 patients with sexually transmitted diseases (n = 189 men and 191 women) at eight public clinics were questioned about their health-care seeking and sexual behaviors. RESULTS. Women waited longer than men to attend study clinics and were more likely to continue to have sex while symptomatic. A large proportion of patients had sought treatment previously in both the public and private sectors without relief of symptoms, resulting in delays in presenting to study clinics. For women, being married and giving a recent history of selling sex were both independently associated with continuing to have sex while symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS. Reducing the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases in Kenya will require improved access, particularly for women, to effective health services, preferably at the point of first contact with the health system. It is also critical to encourage people to reduce sexual activity while symptomatic, seek treatment promptly, and increase condom use. |
106 | 1979 | An Attempt To Separate Long And Short Range Forces By Gaussian Method. Click to View Abstract
OBJECTIVES. The purpose of this study was to identify health-care seeking and related behaviors relevant to controlling sexually transmitted diseases in Kenya. METHODS. A total of 380 patients with sexually transmitted diseases (n = 189 men and 191 women) at eight public clinics were questioned about their health-care seeking and sexual behaviors. RESULTS. Women waited longer than men to attend study clinics and were more likely to continue to have sex while symptomatic. A large proportion of patients had sought treatment previously in both the public and private sectors without relief of symptoms, resulting in delays in presenting to study clinics. For women, being married and giving a recent history of selling sex were both independently associated with continuing to have sex while symptomatic. CONCLUSIONS. Reducing the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases in Kenya will require improved access, particularly for women, to effective health services, preferably at the point of first contact with the health system. It is also critical to encourage people to reduce sexual activity while symptomatic, seek treatment promptly, and increase condom use. |
107 | 1979 | The Ultra-Vires Axe - Some Reflections, 1979:9 (Commissioned By The Institute Of Certified Public Accountants, Kenya, For Purposes Of Launching The First Offical Journal Of The Institute Click to View Abstract
Oral infection with Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) is a frequent and well documented complication in immunosuppressed individuals including patients on immunosuppressive medication. We report the development of severe oral infection with HSV type 1 in a 34 year old woman with type 1 diabetes mellitus and end stage renal disease (ESRD) following cadaveric renal transplantation at the Western General Hospital, Edinburgh. The role of acyclovir in therapy and chemoprophylaxis is discussed. |
108 | 1979 | Cost Benefit Analysis In Adult Education. Kenya Journal Of Adult Education, Vol. 7, No. 1, June 1979. Click to View Abstract
This paper describes the methodology and presents preliminary results of an economic appraisal of a community based health care project in Kenya. Community health workers, trained for 12 weeks and deployed in two locations in Kenya's Western Province, act as first contact providers of basic health care and promoters of selected health, sanitation and nutrition practices. A Cost Benefit Analysis has been undertaken using the Willingness to Pay approach to compare the costs of the project and its benefits. The benefits are in the form of more easily accessible basic health care and are measured as consumer surplus accruing to the community. Gain in consumer surplus is consequent on the fall of average user costs and rise in utilisation of the project established points of first contact with primary health care. The argument for the economic viability of the project is validated by the large Net Present Value and Benefit Cost Ratio obtained for the whole of the project area and for the two locations separately. Although the evaluation technique used faces the problem of valuation of community time, aggregation of health care services at all points of first contact and the partial nature of cost benefit analysis evaluations, the results are strongly in favour of decentralisation of primary health care on similar lines in the rest of the country.
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109 | 1979 | The Perceived Effects Of Televised Violence On Children: Survey Of Adults Perceptual Opinion Click to View Abstract
Quality of health education during STD case management in Nairobi was assessed in 142 healthcare facilities, through interviews of 165 providers, observation of 441 STD patients managed by these providers, and 165 visits of simulated patients. For observations, scores were high for education on contact treatment (74-80%) and compliance (83%), but unsatisfactory for counselling (52%) and condom promotion (20-41%). The World Health Organization (WHO) indicator for STD case management Prevention Indicator 7 (PI7) (condom promotion plus contact treatment) was poor (38%). Public clinics strengthened for STD care generally performed best, whereas pharmacies and mission clinics performed worst. Compared with observations, scores were higher during interviews and lower during simulated patient visits, indicating that knowledge was not fully translated into practice. Interventions to improve the presently unsatisfactory service quality would be wide distribution of health education materials, ongoing training and supervision of providers, implementation of STD management checklists, and the introduction of pre-packaged kits for STD management. |
110 | 1979 | Onyango Ogembo William - Water Balance And The Utilisation Of Water Resources, Izvestiya Journal, Geographical Series No. 5 Pages 88 - 96, The U.S.S.R. Academy Of Sciences, Moscow. Click to View Abstract
Ogutu EO. A 10-year (1976-1986) retrospective study was done on 30 cases with histological diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1 and the peak incidence was in the 6th and 7th decades. The head of the pancreas was involved in 96% of cases while solid adenocarcinoma of duct cell origin accounted for 73.3% of cases, followed by anaplastic carcinoma (23.3%). The commonest complications were distinct metastasis (86.6%), obstructive jaundice (73.3%) and upper gastrointestinal bleed (13.6%). |
111 | 1979 | Onyango Ogembo William - Kenya's River Run-off Resources, Izvestiya Journal, Geographical Series No.5 Pages 88-96. The U.S.S.R. Academy Of Sciences, Moscow. Click to View Abstract
Ogutu EO. A 10-year (1976-1986) retrospective study was done on 30 cases with histological diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1 and the peak incidence was in the 6th and 7th decades. The head of the pancreas was involved in 96% of cases while solid adenocarcinoma of duct cell origin accounted for 73.3% of cases, followed by anaplastic carcinoma (23.3%). The commonest complications were distinct metastasis (86.6%), obstructive jaundice (73.3%) and upper gastrointestinal bleed (13.6%). |
112 | 1979 | Agumbah G.J.O. And Ogaa, J.S. (1979). Genital Tropism And Coital Transmission Of C. Fetus Subsp Intestinals. Br. Vet. J. 135 83 - 91. Click to View Abstract
The stability of adrenaline ophthalmic solutions, at pH 5.8 and 7.4, to sterilization and storage conditions has been studied. Solutions sterilized by filtration or heating at 98 degrees C for 30 min showed no detectable degradation at either pH value, whilst sterilization at higher temperatures resulted in losses of up to 30%. Total degradation increased with increasing sterilization temperature at both pH values. |
113 | 1979 | P.N. Nyaga And J.M. Gathuma. Some Observations On Taenia Sarginata Cysticercosis In Kenya Slaughter Cattle. Bull. Anim. Hlth, Prod. Afric. Vol.27 (1), 1979: 51-59. Click to View Abstract
According to the statements made by a number of scholars, in the 80's East African Anglophone novel, which once received a nickname of "social documentary", began to lose gradually its social commitment. Many of the writers known previously as the most active supporters of the social trend, moved their attempts to other literan areas - criminal novel ("Weapon of hunger" by Meja Mцangi, 1989), love story (Yussuf Dawood's "Off my chest", 1988), even children's literature (books for children in Gikuyu, written by Ngugi wa Thiong'o). However, in the late 80's and early 90's East African Anglophone novel stepped onto a new level of social trend, moving from "social documentary" to "social epic". The authors now are trying to sum up the historical experience of East African countries over a large time span, and to that effect appeal mostly to elaborate and spacious literary forms, such as epic novel. These authors, although chosen one and the same literary form, are showing clearly their inclinations towards different styles of writing. For example, Tanzanian author Moyez Vassanji in his novel "The gunny sack" (1989) makes a rather convincing attempt to replant on East African soil the method of "mythological writing", previously used by such author as Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The novel definitely appeals not only to local reader, but to a wider international audience; on its pages the author manages to restore not only the fate of several generations of Indian family, but even the slightest details of their mentality, using myth as one of the basic means for changing the dimensions of time and space, according to the logic of the narration. The development of Kenyan novel in the early 90's confirms also one of the main tendencies in modem literature - bridging between "elite" and popular fiction. The first attempt of an epic novel in Kenyan Anglophone literature was, oddly enough, made by the veteran of Kenyan popular fiction David Maillu in his "Broken drum" H991). The novel hardly aims the widest reading public - nevertheless, stylistically it bears distinct features of popular fiction, such as crime story, romance, etc. Popular novel in East Africa also shows certain inclination towards urgent social themes, but the authors inevitably uses the artistic means they feel most happy with - that is, the style of popular fiction. For example, the "clash of cultures" - the experience of young Africans studying abroad - is presented in the form of a picaresque ("Times beyond" by Omondi Makoloo, 1992) or love story ("The girl from Uganda" by Tengio Urrio, 1993); feministic problems are spiced with sentimentalism ("Judy the nun" by P .Waweru, 1990); the thoughts on the hardships of younger generation are guised in Bildungs roman ("The plight of succession" by a Tanzanian Prosper Rwegoshora, 1990). At the same time, some authors, who have been ploughing successfully the field of pop fiction for a few decades, show their interest in more elaborate literary forms ("Dedan Kimathi: the real story" by Samuel Kaluga, 1990). All the mentioned facts do not allow us to state that the division into popular and elite novel will disappear within the foreseeable future. However, the most interesting developments seem to take place precisely in the field of bridging between these two branches of East African fiction.
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114 | 1979 | P.N. Nyaga, J.S. Kaminjolo, E.R. Mutiga, And L.C. Bebora. Occurrence Of Atypical Fowlpox In Poultry Farms In Kenya. Avian Dis. Vol. 23 (31, 1979: 745- 752. Click to View Abstract
According to the statements made by a number of scholars, in the 80's East African Anglophone novel, which once received a nickname of "social documentary", began to lose gradually its social commitment. Many of the writers known previously as the most active supporters of the social trend, moved their attempts to other literan areas - criminal novel ("Weapon of hunger" by Meja Mцangi, 1989), love story (Yussuf Dawood's "Off my chest", 1988), even children's literature (books for children in Gikuyu, written by Ngugi wa Thiong'o). However, in the late 80's and early 90's East African Anglophone novel stepped onto a new level of social trend, moving from "social documentary" to "social epic". The authors now are trying to sum up the historical experience of East African countries over a large time span, and to that effect appeal mostly to elaborate and spacious literary forms, such as epic novel. These authors, although chosen one and the same literary form, are showing clearly their inclinations towards different styles of writing. For example, Tanzanian author Moyez Vassanji in his novel "The gunny sack" (1989) makes a rather convincing attempt to replant on East African soil the method of "mythological writing", previously used by such author as Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The novel definitely appeals not only to local reader, but to a wider international audience; on its pages the author manages to restore not only the fate of several generations of Indian family, but even the slightest details of their mentality, using myth as one of the basic means for changing the dimensions of time and space, according to the logic of the narration. The development of Kenyan novel in the early 90's confirms also one of the main tendencies in modem literature - bridging between "elite" and popular fiction. The first attempt of an epic novel in Kenyan Anglophone literature was, oddly enough, made by the veteran of Kenyan popular fiction David Maillu in his "Broken drum" H991). The novel hardly aims the widest reading public - nevertheless, stylistically it bears distinct features of popular fiction, such as crime story, romance, etc. Popular novel in East Africa also shows certain inclination towards urgent social themes, but the authors inevitably uses the artistic means they feel most happy with - that is, the style of popular fiction. For example, the "clash of cultures" - the experience of young Africans studying abroad - is presented in the form of a picaresque ("Times beyond" by Omondi Makoloo, 1992) or love story ("The girl from Uganda" by Tengio Urrio, 1993); feministic problems are spiced with sentimentalism ("Judy the nun" by P .Waweru, 1990); the thoughts on the hardships of younger generation are guised in Bildungs roman ("The plight of succession" by a Tanzanian Prosper Rwegoshora, 1990). At the same time, some authors, who have been ploughing successfully the field of pop fiction for a few decades, show their interest in more elaborate literary forms ("Dedan Kimathi: the real story" by Samuel Kaluga, 1990). All the mentioned facts do not allow us to state that the division into popular and elite novel will disappear within the foreseeable future. However, the most interesting developments seem to take place precisely in the field of bridging between these two branches of East African fiction.
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115 | 1979 | P.N. Nyaga. The Role Of Animal Management In The Control Of Coccidiosis. Proceedings, Animal Production Society Of Kenya. Vol. 12, 1979/80: 47-50. Click to View Abstract
According to the statements made by a number of scholars, in the 80's East African Anglophone novel, which once received a nickname of "social documentary", began to lose gradually its social commitment. Many of the writers known previously as the most active supporters of the social trend, moved their attempts to other literan areas - criminal novel ("Weapon of hunger" by Meja Mцangi, 1989), love story (Yussuf Dawood's "Off my chest", 1988), even children's literature (books for children in Gikuyu, written by Ngugi wa Thiong'o). However, in the late 80's and early 90's East African Anglophone novel stepped onto a new level of social trend, moving from "social documentary" to "social epic". The authors now are trying to sum up the historical experience of East African countries over a large time span, and to that effect appeal mostly to elaborate and spacious literary forms, such as epic novel. These authors, although chosen one and the same literary form, are showing clearly their inclinations towards different styles of writing. For example, Tanzanian author Moyez Vassanji in his novel "The gunny sack" (1989) makes a rather convincing attempt to replant on East African soil the method of "mythological writing", previously used by such author as Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The novel definitely appeals not only to local reader, but to a wider international audience; on its pages the author manages to restore not only the fate of several generations of Indian family, but even the slightest details of their mentality, using myth as one of the basic means for changing the dimensions of time and space, according to the logic of the narration. The development of Kenyan novel in the early 90's confirms also one of the main tendencies in modem literature - bridging between "elite" and popular fiction. The first attempt of an epic novel in Kenyan Anglophone literature was, oddly enough, made by the veteran of Kenyan popular fiction David Maillu in his "Broken drum" H991). The novel hardly aims the widest reading public - nevertheless, stylistically it bears distinct features of popular fiction, such as crime story, romance, etc. Popular novel in East Africa also shows certain inclination towards urgent social themes, but the authors inevitably uses the artistic means they feel most happy with - that is, the style of popular fiction. For example, the "clash of cultures" - the experience of young Africans studying abroad - is presented in the form of a picaresque ("Times beyond" by Omondi Makoloo, 1992) or love story ("The girl from Uganda" by Tengio Urrio, 1993); feministic problems are spiced with sentimentalism ("Judy the nun" by P .Waweru, 1990); the thoughts on the hardships of younger generation are guised in Bildungs roman ("The plight of succession" by a Tanzanian Prosper Rwegoshora, 1990). At the same time, some authors, who have been ploughing successfully the field of pop fiction for a few decades, show their interest in more elaborate literary forms ("Dedan Kimathi: the real story" by Samuel Kaluga, 1990). All the mentioned facts do not allow us to state that the division into popular and elite novel will disappear within the foreseeable future. However, the most interesting developments seem to take place precisely in the field of bridging between these two branches of East African fiction.
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116 | 1979 | J.M. Gathuma, M.M. Kagiko And P.N.Nyaga. Water Quality In Kajiado District, Kenya. E. Afric. Journ. Med. Res. Vol. 3 (1) 1979. Click to View Abstract
According to the statements made by a number of scholars, in the 80's East African Anglophone novel, which once received a nickname of "social documentary", began to lose gradually its social commitment. Many of the writers known previously as the most active supporters of the social trend, moved their attempts to other literan areas - criminal novel ("Weapon of hunger" by Meja Mцangi, 1989), love story (Yussuf Dawood's "Off my chest", 1988), even children's literature (books for children in Gikuyu, written by Ngugi wa Thiong'o). However, in the late 80's and early 90's East African Anglophone novel stepped onto a new level of social trend, moving from "social documentary" to "social epic". The authors now are trying to sum up the historical experience of East African countries over a large time span, and to that effect appeal mostly to elaborate and spacious literary forms, such as epic novel. These authors, although chosen one and the same literary form, are showing clearly their inclinations towards different styles of writing. For example, Tanzanian author Moyez Vassanji in his novel "The gunny sack" (1989) makes a rather convincing attempt to replant on East African soil the method of "mythological writing", previously used by such author as Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The novel definitely appeals not only to local reader, but to a wider international audience; on its pages the author manages to restore not only the fate of several generations of Indian family, but even the slightest details of their mentality, using myth as one of the basic means for changing the dimensions of time and space, according to the logic of the narration. The development of Kenyan novel in the early 90's confirms also one of the main tendencies in modem literature - bridging between "elite" and popular fiction. The first attempt of an epic novel in Kenyan Anglophone literature was, oddly enough, made by the veteran of Kenyan popular fiction David Maillu in his "Broken drum" H991). The novel hardly aims the widest reading public - nevertheless, stylistically it bears distinct features of popular fiction, such as crime story, romance, etc. Popular novel in East Africa also shows certain inclination towards urgent social themes, but the authors inevitably uses the artistic means they feel most happy with - that is, the style of popular fiction. For example, the "clash of cultures" - the experience of young Africans studying abroad - is presented in the form of a picaresque ("Times beyond" by Omondi Makoloo, 1992) or love story ("The girl from Uganda" by Tengio Urrio, 1993); feministic problems are spiced with sentimentalism ("Judy the nun" by P .Waweru, 1990); the thoughts on the hardships of younger generation are guised in Bildungs roman ("The plight of succession" by a Tanzanian Prosper Rwegoshora, 1990). At the same time, some authors, who have been ploughing successfully the field of pop fiction for a few decades, show their interest in more elaborate literary forms ("Dedan Kimathi: the real story" by Samuel Kaluga, 1990). All the mentioned facts do not allow us to state that the division into popular and elite novel will disappear within the foreseeable future. However, the most interesting developments seem to take place precisely in the field of bridging between these two branches of East African fiction.
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117 | 1979 | MALOIY G.M.O. (ed.)(1979) Comparative Physiology Of Osmoregulation In Animals Vol. 1.Academic Press, London, Xii + 678 Pp. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
118 | 1979 | MALOIY G.M.O. (ed.)(1979) Comparative Physiology Of Osmoregulation In Animals Vol. 2.Academic Press, London Vii + 246 Pp. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
119 | 1979 | MALOIY, G.M.O., ALEXANDER R. McN., NJAU R. And JAYES, A.S.(1979) Allometry Of The Legs Of Running Birds. Journal Of Zoology London 187, 161-167. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
120 | 1979 | ALEXANDER R. McN., MALOIY, G.M.O., NJAU R. And JAYES, A.S.(1979) Mechanics Of Running Of The Ostrich (Struthio Camelus). Journal Of Zoology London 187, 169-178. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
121 | 1979 | BECH, C., JOHANSEN, K. And MALOIY, G.M.O. (1979) Ventilation And Expired Gas Composition In The Flamingo(Phoenicopterus Ruber) During Normal Respiration And Panting. Physiological Zoology 52, 313-328. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
122 | 1979 | LANGMAN, V.A., MALOIY, G.M.O., SCHMIDT-NIELSEN, K. And SCHROTER, R.C.(1979) Nasal Heat Exchange In The Giraffe And Other Large Animals. Respiration Physiology 37, 325-334. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
123 | 1979 | MALOIY, G.M.O., MACFARLENE, W.V. And SHKOLNIK, A. (1979) Osmoregulation In Mammalian Herbivores. In: Comparative Physiology Of Osmoregulation In Animals, Vol.2, Academic Press, (ed.G.M.O. MALOIY), Pp. 185-209. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
124 | 1979 | ALEXANDER R. McN., JAYES, A.S., MALOIY, G.M.O., And WATHUTA,E.M.(1979) Allometry Of The Limb Bones Of Mammals From Shrews (Sorex) To Elephant (Loxodonta). Journal Of Zoology London 189, 305-314. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
125 | 1979 | KAMAU, J.M.Z., JOHANSEN, K. And MALOIY, G.M.O. (1979) Thermoregulation And Standard Metabolism In The Slender Mongoose.Physiological Zoology 52, 594-602. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
126 | 1979 | ALEXANDER R. McN., MALOIY, G.M.O., HUNTER, B., JAYES, A.S., And NTURIBI, J.(1979) Mechanical Stress During Fast Locomotion In Buffalo And Elephant.Journal Of Zoology London 189, 135-144. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
127 | 1979 | MULLER, E., KAMAU, J.M.Z. And MALOIY, G.M.O. (1979) O2-uptake, Thermoregulation And Heart Rate In The Spring Hare (Pedetes Capensis). Journal Of Comparative Physiology 133, 187-191. Click to View Abstract
Serum acid phosphatase was measured in patients with enlarged benign and malignant prostate before and after rectal examination. Amongst the patients with benign glands, rectal examination did not produce any significant false elevation of the enzyme. Rectal examination, however, caused a rise in the enzyme level in a few untreated cancer patients and in cancer patients who has become refractory to hormonal therapy. This rise would help rather than mislead in the diagnosis of malignant prostate and also in the identifying treated patients who had become refractory to treatment. Thus, when serum acid phosphatase is properly determined, elevated levels should always arouse suspicion of malignant prostate or other lesions associated with high enzyme level even is such determination was preceded by rectal examination. There appears to be no merit in the teaching that the determination of serum acid phosphatase should be delayed after rectal examination. |
128 | 1979 | Tuberculous Meningitis–diagnostic Problems. East Afr Med J . 1979 Dec; 56 ( 12 ): 646-50 . No Abstract Available. PMID: 544261 [PubMed - Indexed For MEDLINE] Bwibo NO. Click to View Abstract
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129 | 1979 | Rabbit B Spleen Lymphocytes And T Helper Cells. I. Responsiveness To Mitogens Of B Cell Subpopulations Of Different Sedimentation Velocities And Subpopulations Bearing Or Lacking Fcgamma Receptors. Click to View Abstract
The response to anti-allotype (anti-Ab4), Nocardia Water Soluble Mitogen (NWSM), pneumococcal polysaccharide type III (SSS III), and human Fc fragments of various purified and unfractionated rabbit spleen cell populations was determined in terms of 3H-thymidine up-take. B cells were isolated either from untreated suspensions of spleen cells or from suspensions from which adherent and phagocytic cells were removed. The purification factor was greater than the enhancement of 3H-thymidine uptake by anti-Ab4, NWSM, and SSS III as compared with the response of unfractionated spleen cells. It thus appears that a helper cell was involved: the mitogen response of purified B cells was enhanced by the addition of T cells. B subpopulations were separated by sedimentation or by rosetting, which allowed us to separate Fcgamma receptor-bearing cells from cells that did not possess this receptor. There were differences between cells responding to B mitogens not only in sedimentation velocity but also in the absolute number of cells. B cells bearing the Fcgamma receptor were less responsive to anti-Ab4 and more responsive to SSS III, NWSM, and human Fc than were B cells lacking the Fcgamma receptor.
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130 | 1979 | Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia Complicating The Course Of Hodgkin‟s Disease Click to View Abstract
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131 | 1979 | Trade Unionism And Colonial Authority; A Case Study Of Sierra Leone, 1930-1945. Click to View Abstract
Colonial policy makers argued that they were bringing civilization and better standards of living to Africans. One perceived problem they had to contend with was the “ignorance” of their subject peoples. In health delivery, in particular, colonial administrators believed that ignorance accounted for the poor levels of health among Africans, and that knowledge and that knowledge and other preventive measures would greatly enhance standards of living, for instance, among urban Africans. In this paper we test this philosophy against colonial urban health policy’s and show that racism in the delivery of services greatly undermined African and Asian health in order to afford high quality services for Europeans in Nairobi.
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132 | 1979 | "The Historiography Of East Africa, In To The 80's. Click to View Abstract
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133 | 1979 | The Researcher And The Poor Peasantry" - Paper Prepared For The Conference On Planning Agricultural Development And Popular Participation. Organised By The Council For Social Economic Research In Africa (COSERIA). Khartoum. December 1979. Click to View Abstract
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134 | 1979 | Karani, F.A.; "Application Of Interaction Analysis To The Training Of Preservice Teachers In Kenya" PH.D Dissertation University Of Pittsburgh U.S. A 1979. Click to View Abstract
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135 | 1979 | Structural Behaviour Of Flexible Pavements In Kenya. Click to View Abstract
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136 | 1979 | The Prevalence And Clinical Presentation Of Psychiatric Illness In A Rural Setting In Kenya Click to View Abstract
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137 | 1979 | Bearing Capacity Of Crushed Stone Embankment Click to View Abstract
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138 | 1979 | Social Structure And Environment: Two Case Studies From Eastern Kenya,M.A. Thesis, Dept. Of Sociology, University Of Nairobi Click to View Abstract
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139 | 1979 | Language In Afro-Arab Relations: The Historical Interactions Between Arabic And African Languages Click to View Abstract
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140 | 1979 | Methodology Of Sociolinguistic Survey Click to View Abstract
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141 | 1979 | Indigenous And Introduced Common Firewood And Charcoal Plants Of Kenya Click to View Abstract
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142 | 1979 | Vegetation Click to View Abstract
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143 | 1979 | Mixed Crystal And ¹³CO Isotopic Studies On Intermolecular Vibrational Coupling In The ò (CO) Region Of M2(CO)10, M = Re, Mn Click to View Abstract
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144 | 1979 | Production Of Salt At Lake Magadi And Possible Improvements Click to View Abstract
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145 | 1979 | The Development Of The Solar Industry In Kenya Click to View Abstract
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146 | 1979 | The Role Of The Mass Media In National Development Click to View Abstract
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147 | 1979 | A Geography Of Africa For Beginners Click to View Abstract
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148 | 1979 | Population And Economy Of Kenya; Case: Studies Series Click to View Abstract
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149 | 1979 | Population And Its Implications For Resource Development In Lake Victoria Basin Click to View Abstract
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150 | 1979 | Population Movements In Kenya: A Review And Analysis Click to View Abstract
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151 | 1979 | Rainfall Variability In East Africa Click to View Abstract
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152 | 1979 | Predation On Grassland Termites In Semi-arid Savannah At Kajiado, By The Ant Megaponera Foetens. 7th Annual Report, Click to View Abstract
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153 | 1979 | Bovine Granulocyte/macrophage And Erythroid Colony Culture: Characteristics Of The Colonies And The Assay Systems. Click to View Abstract
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154 | 1979 | Inhibition Of Bovine Bone Marrow Granulocyte/macrophage Colony Formation In Vitro By Serum Collected From Cattle Infected With Trypanosoma Vivax And T. Congolense. Click to View Abstract
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155 | 1979 | Munyua, W.K. And Wamakima, D.N. (1979): Serum Transaminase Activities In The Bovine Experimentally Infected With East Coast Fever (Theileria Parva Infection). Bull. Anim. Hlth.Prod. Afr. Vol. 27: 253-256. Click to View Abstract
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156 | 1979 | Munyua, W.K. (1979): Ultra Structural Changes In The Lung Of Bovine Experimentally Infected With East Coast Fever (Theileria Parva Infection) Kenya Veterinarian Vol. 3(2); 31-33. Click to View Abstract
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157 | 1979 | Some Cosiderations On The Opportunities For And The Feasibility Of Rural Industrialization Programmes Click to View Abstract
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158 | 1979 | Mukunya, D.M. And S.O. Keya, 1979. Effects Of Seeds Borne Innoculum On Disease Development And Yields Of Canadian Wonder Bean Variety In Kenya. Click to View Abstract
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159 | 1979 | Keya S.O. And D.M. Mukunya, 1979. The Influence Of Phosphorus And Molybdenum Application On Modulation Of Canadian Wonder Bean Variety. Click to View Abstract
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160 | 1979 | Keya, S.O., Ssali, H. Mukunya, D.M., Muruli, B.I. And Onim, J.F. 1979. Legume Research At The University Of Nairobi, In Planning International Network Of Legume Inoculation Trials. Click to View Abstract
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161 | 1979 | Keya, S.O., Mukunya, D.M., Ngugi, D.N. And Waithaka, K. 1979. Suggestions For Modification Of Curriculum In Agricultural Institutes To Make Them More Effective For Ruraldevelopment. In Seminar Report Of The International Association Of Agriculture Student Click to View Abstract
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162 | 1979 | Chemical And Physical Effects Of Hydrogen Peroxide On Skim-Milk And Isolated Casein Micelles. Click to View Abstract
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163 | 1979 | Development Of Urban Systems In Africa Click to View Abstract
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164 | 1979 | Mammalian Herbivores Click to View Abstract
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165 | 1979 | The Spatial Structure Of Development: A Case Study Of Kenya Click to View Abstract
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166 | 1979 | Various Pathological Manifestations Of Leprosy: A Multidisciplinary Study Click to View Abstract
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167 | 1979 | Climate In The Kamburu And Gtaru Dams Area Click to View Abstract
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168 | 1979 | Pest Management Of Grain Legume Crops In Multiple Cropping Systems Click to View Abstract
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169 | 1979 | The Role Of Water Resources In Development Click to View Abstract
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170 | 1979 | A Survey Of Arthropod Crop Pests In Muranga District. University Of Nairobi, Faculty Of Agriculture Click to View Abstract
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171 | 1979 | A Preliminary Investigation Of The Soil Conditions Of The Ithe-wa-Gathoni Farm, Lang'ata (Nairobi) Click to View Abstract
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172 | 1979 | Co-ordinated Information And Documentation Services As Integral Parts Of The Application Of Science And Technology To Development In Eastern Africa Click to View Abstract
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173 | 1979 | Comparative Study On Development Of Bean Beetle Acanthoscelides Obtectus (Say) In Bean, Cowpea And Pigeon Pea Seed Diets Click to View Abstract
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174 | 1979 | The Interrelations Of Population With Economic And Social Development: A Macro-case Study Of Kenya Click to View Abstract
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175 | 1979 | Introduction To The Kamburu/Gtaru Ecological Survey Click to View Abstract
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176 | 1979 | Land Use And Agricultural Settlement In The Kamburu-Gtaru Dams Area Click to View Abstract
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177 | 1979 | Effect Of Bovine Trypanosomiasis On Hematopoiesis Click to View Abstract
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178 | 1979 | Ideas To The United Nations Conference On Science And Technology For Development In The Field Of Information Click to View Abstract
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179 | 1979 | Insects Of Medical And Veterinary Importance Associated With Water Resources And Some Aspects Of Their Control By Water Resources Management Click to View Abstract
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180 | 1979 | Bovine Borreliosis In Kenya: Borrelia Theileri Associated With Bovine Anaemia Click to View Abstract
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181 | 1979 | Resistance Of Cowpeas To Common Pod Sucking Coreid Bugs (Anoplocnemis Curvipes F. And Riptortus Dentipes F. (Coreidae: Hemiptera) Click to View Abstract
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182 | 1979 | Size Effects And The J-Integral Approach To Low-Cycle-Fatigue Crack Growth Click to View Abstract
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183 | 1979 | Traditional Medicine As One Of The Oldest African Sciences Click to View Abstract
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184 | 1979 | An African Dam (Kamburu/Gtaru, Tana River, Kenya). Stockholm, Swedish Natural Science Research Council Click to View Abstract
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185 | 1979 | WELCOMING ADDRESS Click to View Abstract
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186 | 1979 | Aquatic Ecology And Fisheries Click to View Abstract
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187 | 1979 | Tilapia Grahami: Role Of Intestine In Osmoregulation Under Conditions Of Extreme Alkalinity Click to View Abstract
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188 | 1979 | Self-Reliance In Kenya: The Case Of Harambee,M.P. Moithi And R. Rasmusson Click to View Abstract
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189 | 1979 | The Effect Of Stress Ratio And Frequency On Fatigue Crack Growth Click to View Abstract
Fatigue crack growth tests were performed on compact tension specimens (CTS) made in two thicknesses 12 and 24 mm. Tests were conducted at two frequencies of 0·25 and 30 Hz, applying a stress ratio R varying from – 0·7 to 0·7. The results were analysed using the linear elastic fracture mechanics approach. They showed that the increase in both positive and negative R caused increased fatigue crack growth rates. Also an empirical effective stress intensity factor range, ΔKeff, was found more appropriate to correlate the fatigue crack growth data than the ΔK factor frequently used in crack growth studies. The loading frequency had only a little influence on crack growth rates at low R. However, at high R, growth rates were significantly higher at lower frequencies. It is suggested that this frequency influence may be associated with environmental effects, due to the embrittlement caused by hydrogen from the moist air, while the crack was fully open.
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190 | 1979 | A Seroepidemiological Study Of Bovine Cysticercosis In Kenya Click to View Abstract
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191 | 1979 | On Marginal Areas And Peoples-The Kenyan Case Towards Definitional Clarity Click to View Abstract
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192 | 1979 | Climatic Variability And Land Use; An African Perspective. Click to View Abstract
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193 | 1979 | Some Aspects Of Seasonal Features Of The Southern Hemisphere Subtropical Jetstream Click to View Abstract
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194 | 1979 | Cerebrovascular Accidents (strokes) In Young Normotensive Africans: A Preliminary Report Of A Prospective Survey Click to View Abstract
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195 | 1979 | Culture And Nation Building Click to View Abstract
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196 | 1979 | Development Of Bovine Hemopoietic Culture Systems In Vitro And Their Application In Bovine Trypanosomiasis Click to View Abstract
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197 | 1979 | Kenya's River Run - Off Resources Click to View Abstract
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198 | 1979 | Competition And Control Of Fall Panicum (Panicum Dichotomiflorum Michx.) In Soybeans (Glycine Max (L.) Merr.) Click to View Abstract
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199 | 1979 | Socio-economic Perspectives Of Fertility Regulation In Traditional And Modern African Societies Click to View Abstract
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200 | 1979 | Origin And The Distribution Of The Elements Click to View Abstract
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201 | 1979 | Oral Traditions: A Conspiracy Of The Elders Click to View Abstract
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202 | 1979 | A Palaeomagnetic Study Of Lower Proterozoic Granites From Western Kenya Click to View Abstract
This paper reports a palaeomagnetic study of the lower Proterozoic granites, exposed in the western part of Kenya and dated at 2530 ± 50 Ma (λRb= 1.39 × 10−11 yr−1). Ten sites out of 13 have yielded stable palaeomagnetic directions which are believed to be primary. Polished section and thermomagnetic analyses indicate titanomagnetite grains as the main carrier of the primary component of the natural remanence. The mean palaeomagnetic north pole is calculated at 210.7° E, 60.9° N with A95= 13.5°.
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203 | 1979 | Paleomagnetic Results From The Narosura And Magadi Volcanics Of Kenya Click to View Abstract
Results of a paleomagnetic study carried out on the exposed volcanic rocks on the western side of the South Kenya Rift Valley are presented. Nine stratigraphic groups ranging in age from Miocene to Pleistocene were sampled. The rocks consist of basalts, trachytes, nephelinites, melanephelinites, olivine melanephelinites and ignimbrites. Paleomagnetic poles obtained for different age ranges are as follows: Period I (0.64–0.72 Ma), 116°E, 85°N (A95 = 6°); Period II (1.6–6.9 Ma), 297°E, 84°N (A95 = 4°); Period III (12.0–15.0 Ma), 34°E, 80°N (A95 = 9°). The results for Period II show large secular variations which are in disagreement with the model predictions for near-equatorial sites.
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204 | 1979 | Interaction Of Cardiac Diseases In Pregnancy. Click to View Abstract
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205 | 1979 | Antibody Responses To New Click to View Abstract
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206 | 1979 | Marriage And Cattle Exchange Among The Nilotic Luo Click to View Abstract
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207 | 1979 | Hereditary Bleeding Disorders As Seen At The Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya Click to View Abstract
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208 | 1979 | Distributions, Densities And Trends Of Elephants And Rhinoceros In Kenya, 1977-1978 From KREMU's Aerial Surveys Click to View Abstract
Baseline information on densities, distributions and population trends of the African elephant was obtained during KREMU's 1977 and 1978 aerial surveys of all pastoral rangelands in Kenya. It was estimated in 1978 that there were between 44,000 and 67,000 elephants in Kenya 73% of the estimated 1977 population. The ratio of live to dead elephants in 1978 has further decreased to 44:56 compared to 51:49 in 1977. Of the 5,000 to 10,000 located in the general agricultural zone, most were in the national parks and forest reserves.
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209 | 1979 | Population And Employment Click to View Abstract
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210 | 1979 | Livestock And Wild Herbivore Populations In The Kenya Rangelands In 1977 Compared With 1978 Click to View Abstract
Compares wild herbivore and livestock poulation data collected during the aerial suveys throughout the rangelands areas during 1977 and 1978. rangelands which were flown in straight line belt transects the first year at l0km spacing and the second at 5km apart. Elephant population estimates according to the ecoregions were: Northern Rift Valley 1,600 in 1977 but not included in 1978; Northern volcanics 1,600 in 1977 and 110 in 1978; Northern Central 4,170 in 1977 and 1,930 in 1978; North East 9,500 in 1977 and 3,060 in 1978; South Central 2,800 in 1977 and 4,130 in 1978, East Central-Coastal 13,900 in 1977 and 8,450 in 1978; South East 25,500 in 1977 and 21,900 in 1978; South West 1,800 in 1977 and 3,180 in 1978 providing a total estimate for 1977 of 59,800 and for 1978 of 42,800.
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211 | 1979 | All Panicum Control In Corn With Several Postemrgence Herbicides 1 Click to View Abstract
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212 | 1979 | Gene Pools Of Rhizobia Mircens Click to View Abstract
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213 | 1979 | Growth Of Loblolly Pine Cell Suspension Cultures. Click to View Abstract
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214 | 1979 | Government, Capital Labour In A Colonial Setting Click to View Abstract
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215 | 1979 | The Influence Of Phosphorus And Molybdenum Applications On Nodulation Of Phaseolus Vulgaris Beans At Kabete. Click to View Abstract
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216 | 1979 | The Influence Of Phosphorus And Molybdenum Applications On Nodulation Of Phaseolus Vulgaris Beans At Kabete. Click to View Abstract
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217 | 1979 | The Influence Of Seed‐bone Anthracnose And Halo Blight Inocula On Yield And Disease Development In A Canadian Wonder Bean Selection At Kabete Click to View Abstract
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218 | 1979 | The Influence Of Seed‐bone Anthracnose And Halo Blight Inocula On Yield And Disease Development In A Canadian Wonder Bean Selection At Kabete Click to View Abstract
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219 | 1979 | The Intestine And Osmoregulation Click to View Abstract
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220 | 1979 | Water Balance And The Utilization Of Water Resources Of Kenya Click to View Abstract
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221 | 1979 | The Role Of Animal Management In The Control Of Coccidiosis Click to View Abstract
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222 | 1979 | The Role Of Dinitrogen Fixation In Agroforestry Click to View Abstract
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223 | 1979 | Derivation Of An Integral Equation For Three-dimensional Transonic Flows Click to View Abstract
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224 | 1979 | Critical Period For Deprivation Amblyopia In Children Click to View Abstract
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225 | 1979 | Blood Supply And Position Of The Vermiform Appendix In {Zambians} Click to View Abstract
The arterial blood supply, position, and length of the appendix were studied 103 Zambian cadavers. In 39.8%, more than one appendicular artery was found. In position, 43.6% were pelvic, and 20.3% retro-cecal. The average length of the appendix was 12.0 cm in males, and 11.4 cm in females. The prevalence of the dual blood supply and pelvic position, may partly explain the recorded rarity of appendicitis among Africans.
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226 | 1979 | Diabetic Ketoacidosis. {Induction} Of Hypocalcemia And Hypomagnesemia By Phosphate Therapy Click to View Abstract
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227 | 1979 | Severe Hyperglycemia: Effects Of Rehydration On Endocrine Derangements And Blood Glucose Concentration Click to View Abstract
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228 | 1979 | Hypocalcemia, Hypomagnesemia, And Transient Hypoparathyroidism During Therapy With Potassium Phosphate In Diabetic Ketoacidosis Click to View Abstract
The effects of intravenous administration of potassium phosphate in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis were studied in nine children, ages 9 9/12 to 17 10/12 yr. During phosphate infusion (20–40 meq/L of fluid), all children maintained normal serum concentrations of phosphorus. Transient hypocalcemia occurred in six and transient hypomagnesemia in five patients. One child developed carpopedal spasms refractory to intravenous infusion of calcium gluconate but responsive to intramuscular injection of magnesium sulfate. In three patients, serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone were low at the time of hypocalcemia, an observation that suggests transient hypoparathyroidism. This study indicates that the use of potassium phosphate as the sole source of potassium replacement might potentiate ketoacidosis-induced hypocalcemia through multiple mechanisms.
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229 | 1979 | Extradural Haematoma: Effect Of Delayed Treatment. Click to View Abstract
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230 | 1979 | Development Of Retinal Synaptic Arrays In The Inner Plexiform Layer Of Dark-reared Mice Click to View Abstract
In the central area of the retina of mouse the rate of synaptogenesis in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) drops precipitously at about the time the eyes open. To determine if the visual input at eye opening provides a signal for the neurons to stop adding synapses, mice were raised in darkness during the period of maximal synaptogenesis and through eye opening. Retinal synaptic arrays of dark-reared and normally reared animals were compared quantitatively. The rate of synaptogenesis after eye opening in dark-reared mice indicated that the onset of visual stimulation was not the cue to stop synaptogenesis. However, the synaptic arrays of the IPL of dark-reared mice consistently had more conventional synapses than those of normally reared mice. It is concluded that the number of conventional synapses in the central retina was increased by dark-rearing.
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231 | 1979 | The Ganglion Cell Layer Of The Retina Of The Rat: A {Golgi} Study Click to View Abstract
In whole-mounts of Golgi stained rat retinae four cell types are described in the ganglion cell layer. Three of these cell types are considered to be analogous to the alpha, delta and gamma cells described in the cat retina by Boycott & Wässle (1974). The fourth cell type is thoughtt to be a displaced amacrine cell. All the cell types described are present in all parts of the retina. There is no evidence for an increase in dendritic field size with increasing distance from the optic disk.
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